Methods for fabricating oxygen releasing biomaterials.

Sustained external supply of oxygen (O) to engineered tissue constructs is important for their survival in the body while angiogenesis is taking place. In the recent years, the trend towards the fabrication of various O-generating materials that can provide prolonged and controlled O source to the large volume tissue constructs resulted in preventing necrosis associated with the lack of O supply. In this review, we explain different methods employed in the fabrication of O-generating materials such as emulsion, microfluidics, solvent casting, freeze drying, electrospraying, gelation, microfluidic and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting methods.

3D Bioprinting of Oxygenated Cell-Laden Gelatin Methacryloyl Constructs.

Cell survival during the early stages of transplantation and before new blood vessels formation is a major challenge in translational applications of 3D bioprinted tissues. Supplementing oxygen (O ) to transplanted cells via an O generating source such as calcium peroxide (CPO) is an attractive approach to ensure cell viability. Calcium peroxide also produces calcium hydroxide that reduces the viscosity of bioinks, which is a limiting factor for bioprinting.

Advances in Controlled Oxygen Generating Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Therapy.

Oxygen (O) generating biomaterials are emerging as important compositions to improve our capabilities in supporting tissue engineering and regenerative therapeutics. Several studies demonstrated the usefulness of O releasing biomaterials in enhancing cell survival and differentiation. However, more efforts are needed to develop materials that can provide sustained O release for the long-term.