Molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer: correlation between PET/computed tomography and MRI findings.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of fluorodeoxyglucose-18 (FDG)-PET/computed tomography (CT) and MRI parameters in determining the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer.

Methods: Data from 55 primary invasive breast cancer masses in 51 female patients who underwent pre-treatment PET/CT and MRI scans, and histopathological diagnosis at the authors' center were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship between FDG-PET/CT and MRI parameters, including maximum and mean standard uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean, respectively), mean metabolic index (MImean) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) values obtained from FDG-PET, and shape, margin, internal contrast-enhancement characteristics, kinetic curve types, functional tumor volume (FTV), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained from MRI was evaluated.

Schwannoma Localized Retroperitoneally in a 14-Year-Old Boy.

Schwannomas usually occur in adults being between the second and fifth decades, and such neoplasms are extremely rare in a pediatric population. In addition, they are not normally found in the retroperitoneal region. Here, we present a pediatric case of a retroperitoneal schwannoma in an adrenal location where the tumor was not able to be preoperatively differentiated from other benign or malign adrenal gland tumors.

Rectus abdominis muscle endometriosis.

Endometriosis is characterized by an abnormal existence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, typically occuring within the pelvis of women in reproductive age. We report two cases with endometriosis of the abdominal wall; the first one in the rectus abdominis muscle and the second one in the surgical scar of previous caesarean incision along with the rectus abdominis muscle. Pre-operative evaluation included magnetic resonance imaging.

Adnexal torsion with dystrophic calcifications in an adolescent: a chronic entity?

Intermittent pelvic pain caused by ovarian cysts in adolescence may be due to torsion or partial torsion of the ovary. We present a case of 18-year old adolescent with symptomatic left ovarian torsion with calcifications demonstrated by pelvic MRI and ultrasonography prior to surgery. The pathologic investigation demonstrated dystrophic calcifications.

Human papilloma virus frequency and genotype distribution in a Turkish population.

Objectives: To determine human papillomavirus (HPV) frequency, genotypes and the relation between cervical smear results, risk factors and types in women living in Manisa, Turkey.

Materials And Methods: A total of 410 women were included in the study. Cervical specimens were obtained for linear array HPV genotyping and pathological testing.

Coexistence of psoriasis and bullous pemphigoid: remission with low-dose methotrexate.

The coexistence of psoriasis vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid is rare. Here, we report a 90-year-old patient with a 20-year history of psoriasis. She developed vesicles and bullae suddenly and was diagnosed as bullous pemphigoid.

Leptin expression in proliferative, secretory and hyperplastic endometrial tissues.

Objective: The goal of this study was to detect endometrial leptin expression in proliferative and secretory phases and then to compare the results with that of hyperplastic endometrium.

Material And Methods: Seventeen proliferative, 23 secretory phase and 18 hyperplastic endometrial tissues diagnosed in our hospital between 2002 and 2007 were included in the study. These samples were stained with leptin antibody using an immunohistochemical method.

A patient with Bartter syndrome accompanying severe growth hormone deficiency and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Bartter syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive, salt-losing disorder characterized by hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. A 10-year-old boy had severe growth retardation (height standard deviation score -8.15).

Nested variant of transitional cell carcinoma with osseous metaplasia of the urinary bladder: a case report and review of published reports.

Nested variant of transitional cell carcinoma (NV-TCC) of the bladder is a rare and relatively new entity. The tumor is aggressive contrasted by its benign histopathologic appearance, and characterized by irregular urothelial nests and/or tubules. Herewith, a case with exceptional osseous metaplasia is presented emphasizing its diagnostic difficulties, because it can be confused with benign diseases or conventional TCC.

Hormone receptor expressions and proliferation markers in postmenopausal endometrial polyps.

Background/aims: Endometrial polyps are quite common in the general population, they have a significant role in postmenopausal bleeding, and the pathogenesis is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate proliferation markers and expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Endometrial polyps were removed by hysteroscopy from 36 women who presented with postmenopausal bleeding.

A case of endometrial stromal sarcoma with curvilinear calcification.

Background: Although many histopathological, clinical, and imaging findings of ESS have been described, intense calcifications have not been reported previously.

Case: A 54-year-old female was admitted with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Gynecologic examination revealed a huge, firm pelvic mass extending up to the epigastrium.

Col IV and Fn distribution in prostatic adenocarcinoma and correlation of 67LR, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression with Gleason score.

Objective: To assess the immunoreactivity of 5 proteins related to basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix in order to investigate whether any of them correlates with differentiation of prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAc). Two of these markers are collagen type IV (Col IV), the collagenous component of basement membrane, and fibronectin (Fn), an adhesion protein in extracellular matrix. Others are matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a type IV collagenase, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), which has a high affinity for MMP-9, and 67-kd laminin receptor (67LR), which belongs to the non-integrin laminin binding receptor family.

Features of chronic inflammation at the gastric cardia and the relationship with Helicobacter pylori infection and oesophagitis.

Background: The etiopathogenesis of chronic inflammation at the gastric cardia is still debated. It is suggested that carditis may be a finding of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) or it may occur as a result of the gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.

Histological and clinical predictive value of determination of tissue CagA status by PCR in Helicobacter pylori infected patients; results of the large population based study in western Turkey.

Background/aims: Early experimental and epidemiological studies have suggested that the presence of cagA gene was a virulence factor for Helicobacter pylori. We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of tissue CagA status in Helicobacter pylori infected patients and to assess its association with histological changes in gastric mucosa.

Methodology: Three hundred and forty-five patients with Helicobacter pylori infection established by both urease test and histological examination were included in the study.

Combination thymosin-alpha 1 and interferon-alpha 2b in the treatment of anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B in Turkey.

Background/aims: The most prevalent type of chronic hepatitis B in Turkey is anti-HBe-positive. No consistently effective therapy is yet available for the treatment of these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of interferon-alpha and thymosin-alpha 1 combination in the treatment of naive anti-HBe-positive and HBV DNA-positive chronic hepatitis B patients.