Enhancing leachate management with antibacterial nanocomposites incorporating plant-based carbon dots and Satureja Khuzestanica essential oils.

Landfill leachate, a complex mixture of pollutants, poses a significant environmental hazard. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of superabsorbent nanocomposites (SANs) designed for enhanced performance in waste management applications. SANs were prepared using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and sodium polyacrylate (SPA) as the main components, carbon dots (CDs) to improve absorption, and Satureja Khuzestanica essential oil (SEO) for antibacterial performance.

Dogs may carry Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major in their blood circulation: a molecular and hematological study.

Background: Dogs may be infected with species of Leishmania parasites that are disseminated through blood circulation and invade the internal organs. In this study, we aim to detect the parasite in the blood of dogs using the PCR technique. The present work was performed from February 2022 to May 2023 in Fars Province, southern Iran, where the disease is endemic.

Starch vs. tannin as biodegradable reagents for ultrafine hematite depression.

Enrichment of ultrafine liberated valuable minerals from their associated gangue phases is one of the emerging investigation topics within mineral processing and recycling. Using green flotation reagents and turning processes into eco-friendly systems is also one of the challenges in the green transition of ore beneficiation plants. Starch and Tanin as biodegradable depressants for hematite depression have been commercially used in various iron ore processing plants.

The Assessment of Marcaine Versus Meperidine for Spinal Anesthesia in Anorectal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Spinal anesthesia (SA) for the surgical management of chronic anal fissures is favored by surgeons as it provides an early return to daily activities; however, the agents applied for SA to achieve the best outcomes with minimized adverse effects are a matter of debate.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the utility of Marcaine versus meperidine for SA induction of anoderm surgery.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted on 138 patients with chronic anal fissures who were candidates for surgical management in 2020.

Green hematite depression for reverse selective flotation separation from quartz by locust bean gum.

Reverse cationic flotation is currently the main processing technique for upgrading fine hematite from silicates. Flotation is known as an efficient method of mineral enrichment that deals with possibly hazardous chemicals. Thus, using eco-friendly flotation reagents for such a process is an emerging need for sustainable development and green transition.

An environmentally friendly method for extraction of cobalt and molybdenum from spent catalysts using deep eutectic solvents (DESs).

There has been a substantially increasing demand for energy critical elements (ECEs) in recent years as energy-related technology has advanced rapidly. Spent catalysts are known as potential sources of ECCs such as Ni, Co, Mo, W, V, and rare earth elements. This study developed a novel environmentally friendly process for recovering cobalt and molybdenum from spent hydroprocessing catalysts using deep eutectic solvents (DESs).

Selection of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis of rice with Rhizoctonia solani infection and biocontrol PGPR/KSi application.

Background: Rhizoctonia solani (AG1 IA) is an important pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa L.) that causes rice sheath blight (RSB). Since control of RSB by breeding and fungicides have had limited success, novel strategies like biocontrol with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be an effective alternative.

CSF-Targeted Proteomics Indicate Amyloid-Beta Ratios in Patients with Alzheimer's Dementia Spectrum.

Background: According to recent studies, amyloid- (A) isoforms as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have remarkable predictive value for cognitive decline in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we aimed to investigate the correlations between several targeted proteomics in CSF samples with A ratios and cognitive scores in patients in AD spectrum to search for potential early diagnostic utility.

Methods: A total of 719 participants were found eligible for inclusion.

Incorporation of Saqez essential oil into polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan bilayer hydrogel as a potent wound dressing material.

Nowadays, many studies are conducted on multilayer hydrogels for wound dressing. On the other hand, considering the emergence of bacterial resistance to common antibiotics, studies on the use of natural essential oils and their derivatives that have antibacterial and antioxidant activity can be useful. Herein, a novel bilayer hydrogel developed from polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan with the incorporation of Saqez essential oil (SEO) was synthesized.

Radiomics for differentiation of the posterior fossa pilocytic astrocytoma versus hemangioblastomas in adults. A pilot study.

Purpose: Both pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) and hemangioblastoma (HB) are common primary neoplasms of the posterior fossa with similar radiological manifestations. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of Radiomics in differentiating these two conditions in adults.

Materials And Methods: After a retrospective search of our institutional imaging archive, adult patients with a known diagnosis of PA or HB were included.

Evaluation of the epidemiologic, clinical, radiologic, and treatment methods of patients with subacute and chronic meningitis.

Background: Meningitis is known as a meningeal inflammation accompanied by pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and can be classified into acute, subacute, and chronic meningitis based on symptoms duration of ≤ 5 days, ≥ 5 days and ≥ 4 weeks, respectively. Subacute and chronic meningitis are caused mainly by indolent infectious agents and noninfectious causes such as autoimmune, and neoplastic. In this study, we investigated the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of subacute and chronic meningitis.

Synthesis and study of CuNiTiO as an ORR electrocatalyst to enhance microbial fuel cell efficiency.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have the capability of simultaneous sewage treatment and electricity generation. Modifying the cathode electrode enhances their efficiency. In this study, NiTiO and CuNiTiO were synthesized for practical application as cathode catalysts in a dual-chamber MFC and the performance of the modified cathodes was evaluated against a bare graphite electrode.

Green extraction of nickel and valuable metals from pyrrhotite samples with different crystallographic structures through acidophilic bioleaching.

Nowadays, due to the strategic status of nickel in the global market, utilizing its disregarded resources like low-grade nickel containing pyrrhotite is of significant importance. A comprehensive set of experiments and analyses were performed to determine the bioleaching capability and mechanism for nickel extraction from hexagonal and monoclinic pyrrhotite. Over 95% Ni extraction was achieved from the hexagonal pyrrhotite sample.

Discovery of Leptulipin, a New Anticancer Protein from theIranian Scorpion, .

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Unfortunately, the present anticancer chemotherapeutics display high cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the discovery of new anticancer agents with lower side effects is highly necessitated.

A cleaner approach for high-efficiency regeneration of base and precious metals from waste printed circuit boards through stepwise oxido-acidic and thiocyanate leaching.

This work evaluated a green route for developing an eco-friendly flowsheet to regenerate base and precious metals from waste printed circuits boards (WPCBs). Copper (as nanoparticles with an average diameter of 50 nm) and other base metals were extracted via oxidative acid leaching with high efficiency. Thiocyanate was employed for the first time as a green and economical reagent for the extraction of gold from pretreated WPCB.

Artemisinins in Combating Viral Infections Like SARS-CoV-2, Inflammation and Cancers and Options to Meet Increased Global Demand.

Artemisinin is a natural bioactive sesquiterpene lactone containing an unusual endoperoxide 1, 2, 4-trioxane ring. It is derived from the herbal medicinal plant and is best known for its use in treatment of malaria. However, recent studies also indicate the potential for artemisinin and related compounds, commonly referred to as artemisinins, in combating viral infections, inflammation and certain cancers.

Emerging Applications of Radiomics in Neurological Disorders: A Review.

Radiomics has achieved significant momentum in radiology research and can reveal image information invisible to radiologists' eyes. Radiomics first evolved for oncologic imaging. Oncologic applications (histopathology, tumor grading, gene mutation analysis, patient survival, and treatment response prediction) of radiomics are widespread.

The Role of Machine Learning and Radiomics for Treatment Response Prediction in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Introduction Ventricular shunting remains the standard of care for patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH); however, not all patients benefit from the shunting. Prediction of response in advance can result in improved patient selection for ventricular shunting. This study aims to develop a machine learning predictive model for treatment response after shunt placement using the clinical and radiomics features.

Clinical applications of diffusion-weighted sequence in brain imaging: beyond stroke.

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a well-established MRI sequence for diagnosing early stroke and provides therapeutic implications. However, DWI yields pertinent information in various other brain pathologies and helps establish a specific diagnosis and management of other central nervous system disorders. Some of these conditions can present with acute changes in neurological status and mimic stroke.

Simulation and Modeling of Novel Electronic Device Architectures with NESS (Nano-Electronic Simulation Software): A Modular Nano TCAD Simulation Framework.

The modeling of nano-electronic devices is a cost-effective approach for optimizing the semiconductor device performance and for guiding the fabrication technology. In this paper, we present the capabilities of the new flexible multi-scale nano TCAD simulation software called Nano-Electronic Simulation Software (NESS). NESS is designed to study the charge transport in contemporary and novel ultra-scaled semiconductor devices.

Proteomic signature of the Dravet syndrome in the genetic Scn1a-A1783V mouse model.

Background: Dravet syndrome is a rare, severe pediatric epileptic encephalopathy associated with intellectual and motor disabilities. Proteomic profiling in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome can provide information about the molecular consequences of the genetic deficiency and about pathophysiological mechanisms developing during the disease course.

Methods: A knock-in mouse model of Dravet syndrome with Scn1a haploinsufficiency was used for whole proteome, seizure, and behavioral analysis.

Axial accuracy and signal enhancement in acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy by laser jitter effect correction and pulse energy compensation.

In recent years, photoacoustic imaging has found vast applications in biomedical imaging. Photoacoustic imaging has high optical contrast and high ultrasound resolution allowing deep tissue non-invasive imaging beyond the optical diffusion limit. Q-switched lasers are extensively used in photoacoustic imaging due to the availability of high energy and short laser pulses, which are essential for high-resolution photoacoustic imaging.