Effect of immersion time on the passive and electrochemical response of annealed and nano-grained commercial pure titanium in Ringer's physiological solution at 37°C.

In the present study, various electrochemical tests were used to investigate the passive and electrochemical response of annealed and nano-grained commercial pure Titanium in Ringer's physiological solution at 37°C. Nano-grained pure Titanium, which typically has an average grain size of 90±5nm, was obtained by six-cycle accumulative roll bonding process. Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy plots illustrated that as a result of grain refinement process, the passive response of the nano-grained sample was improved compared to that of its coarse-grained counterpart in Ringer's physiological solution.