Publications by authors named "Ali Musa"

Objectives: To investigate the transplacental acquisition of measles IgG in newborn at delivery in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Kenya, Nigeria, Mali, and South Africa.

Methods: Archived cord serum, from a multi-center study on Group B Streptococcus, were tested for measles IgG using a commercial enzyme link immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We tested 323 randomly selected samples from each of the sites.

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Background: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in low- income countries. Neonatal sepsis is classified as early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS). Etiologies responsible for EONS are mostly acquired vertically from the mother during or before birth with the possibility of prevention.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in resource-limited countries. The burden of TB varies from country to country, depending on the country's condition and the effort made to prevent its transmission. The magnitude of pulmonary TB and drug resistance in eastern Ethiopia is mainly unknown due to limited information.

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Background: Metallo-beta lactamase resistance is one of the carbapenem resistances that worsen the world nowadays. A new variant of carbapenem-resistant has only limited reports from Africa including Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine Metallo -ß- lactamase resistance Gram-negative bacteria in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital January-June 2023.

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Fetal complications can occur if pregnant women with urinary tract infection (UTI) are not treated. We aimed to determine the magnitude of UTI, drug resistance profile, and fetal outcomes among pregnant women in Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 308 pregnant women using questionnaire and review of medical records.

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  • * Significant risk factors associated with S. Typhi infection include not washing hands before meals, eating raw vegetables, and drinking stream water, indicating potential prevention measures.
  • * The bacteria showed high susceptibility to antibiotics with 90% effective response to ciprofloxacin, and 80% efficacy to ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol, suggesting these treatments could be effective choices for managing infections.
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  • The study investigates the prevalence of rectovaginal group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnant women during labor and its transmission to newborns in selected low-income and middle-income African and South Asian countries.
  • Conducted across 11 maternity and obstetric facilities, the research involved collecting samples from 6,514 HIV-negative pregnant women at least 37 weeks gestation to analyze GBS culture and serotyping.
  • The findings revealed a 24.1% rate of maternal GBS colonization, with the highest prevalence in Mali (41.1%) and the lowest in Ethiopia (11.6%), highlighting significant regional variations in GBS rates among pregnant women.
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is more than ten times higher in prisons compared to the general population, and HIV-infected persons are at increased risk of developing active TB and death. In the World Health Organization (WHO) African region, however, where the TB and HIV coinfections are highest, and prisons rarely factored in national disease surveillance, epidemiological data to inform TB control interventions in correctional facilities is limited. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of TB and HIV coinfections, as well as the factors associated with coinfections in our study setting.

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Background: Meningitis poses a significant challenge to public health in low-income nations, such as Ethiopia, with a particular impact on newborns. The magnitude and etiologies of meningitis vary based on geographic location and age of patients. There is limited data regarding the magnitude and etiology of meningitis from Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia.

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Asymptomatic malaria can impact existing malaria control and elimination efforts around the world, particularly in Africa, where the majority of malaria cases and death occurs. This is a cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic malaria among migrant farmworkers from June to July 2020 in the Upper Awash Agro-industry, East Shewa zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. A total of 254 migrant farmworkers without signs and symptoms of malaria were enrolled.

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Introduction: Proper diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) lymphadenitis is critical for its treatment and prevention. Fine needle aspirate cytology (FNAC) is the mainstay method for the diagnosis of TB lymphadenitis in Ethiopia; however, the performance of FNAC has not been evaluated in the Eastern Region of Ethiopia. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of FNAC and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining compared with that of GeneXpert for the diagnosis of TB lymphadenitis.

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Background: Coliform, , and are among the most encountered bacteria in raw milk. This study is aimed at determining the extent of coliform, , and in raw milk and vendor hygiene practices at Asella town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, from March 1 to 30, 2022.

Methods: In this study, 210 milk vendors were included; each vendor provided a 50 ml sample of raw milk.

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  • * Researchers analyzed 40 articles with a total of 12,239 human specimens, finding that 545 isolates (about 72%) were multidrug-resistant, with prevalence rates varying widely between studies.
  • * The study used various statistical methods and tools to assess the quality of the articles and the robustness of the findings, identifying Addis Ababa as having a particularly high prevalence of MDR Klebsiella at 97%.
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  • The study focuses on the global health issue of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), which poses a risk for healthcare-associated infections in vulnerable hospitalized patients.
  • Conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, the research involved analyzing stool samples from 223 patients over a three-month period to determine the prevalence and factors associated with VRE colonization.
  • Results indicated a gastrointestinal colonization rate of 6.7% for VRE, with significant associations found for patients with no formal education, those hospitalized for over two weeks, and those with a history of vancomycin treatment.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has an impact on public health and is responsible for over one million deaths per year. Substantial numbers of people infected with M. tuberculosis can develop tuberculosis lymphadenitis; however, there is a limited study in Adama, Ethiopia.

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Background: Podoconiosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTD) with the greatest potential for elimination. Despite its public health importance, podoconiosis is a poorly understood disease which led to a widespread misconception about its cause, prevention, and treatment. Even though the exact global burden is still to be measured, it is estimated that at least 4 million people are affected with podoconiosis worldwide, of which more than 1.

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  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted global health and economics, later discovered to cause a variety of symptoms beyond respiratory issues, including skin-related manifestations.
  • The study aimed to investigate the occurrence and types of skin issues in hospitalized moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients, as well as the potential implications for their recovery or mortality.
  • Among 821 patients analyzed, 7.55% presented with skin rashes, with the majority developing these rashes post-admission, highlighting a range of reactions, particularly reactive erythemas and vascular issues related to the virus.
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Background: Nontraumatic dental conditions (NTDC) that made children attending to emergency departments (EDs) of tertiary hospitals can put significant financial and time strain on hospitals.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to calculate the prevalence of paediatric presentations to EDs of tertiary hospitals for NTDC and describe the characteristics of these presentations.

Design: A systematic search strategy using PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases was performed to identify studies quantifying NTDC presentations to EDs of tertiary hospitals from inception through to July 2022.

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In this research work, we investigate the influence of heat source and chemical reaction on electro-magneto-hydrodynamic (EMHD) blood flow through bifurcated arteries with external tilted magnetic field for treating tumor. The potential electric field applied along the bifurcated arterial wall, accurately described the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. We modeled the EMHD blood flow to obtain the non-dimensionalized form of the equations.

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Background: Worldwide, more than one million peoples acquire sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The burden of STIs and the youth awareness level on the transmission of STIs is under investigated in Sidama Regional State.

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of STIs such as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies, Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence, and syphilis and to determine associated factors among youth-friendly services Attendees at selected health facilities in Hawassa city, Ethiopia.

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  • This study evaluated how well Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) diagnoses lymph node issues compared to Histopathologic examination.* -
  • Conducted on 101 patients in Hawassa city from 2016 to 2021, the study found FNAC was fairly accurate, with a sensitivity of 88.2% and specificity of 92% for diagnosing lymphoma.* -
  • Researchers recommend FNAC as a first-line diagnostic test for significant lymphadenopathy due to its speed, safety, cost-effectiveness, and good predictive values.*
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Neonatal sepsis is a systemic infection that occurs at an early age. Its etiology varies from one region to the other. The contribution of sepsis to neonatal mortality and morbidity is significant in resource-limited countries; however, there is limited information about the etiology of sepsis in Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia.

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  • - The study investigates the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus infection among adult patients suspected of having tuberculosis at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Ethiopia, finding a 21.4% prevalence rate.
  • - A significant level of antibiotic resistance was observed, with high rates of resistance to penicillin (74.1%) and tetracycline (78.7%), and 46.1% of the bacterial isolates showed multidrug resistance.
  • - Factors such as lower educational status, larger family size, and living in crowded conditions were associated with an increased likelihood of Streptococcus infection among the participants.
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: Bacterial contamination of medical equipment, inanimate surfaces, and indoor air of the hospital environment is the main source of hospital-acquired infection in developing countries. : The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial contamination rates for medical equipment, inanimate surfaces, and indoor air, and the drug susceptibility profiles of bacteria, in the neonatal intensive care unit and pediatric ward of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HUCSH). A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from October 20 to December 30, 2020.

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  • The study focused on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of MRSA among hospitalized patients at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia.
  • The researchers found that 13.6% of the 280 patients carried MRSA, with a prevalence rate of 9.3%.
  • Key risk factors identified included a higher monthly income and a history of surgical ward admissions, and most MRSA strains showed resistance to multiple antibiotics.
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