Recognition, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Enterocolitis Presenting Without Diarrhea: A Literature Review.

Diarrhea, as the well-known clinical feature of infection (CDI), may be absent at the initial presentation, leading to delays in diagnosis. The delay is due to both underrecognition of such presentations and the dependence of CDI diagnosis on stool samples. This review was conducted to evaluate the literature for CDI cases presenting without diarrhea, raise awareness about the possibility of CDI in the differential diagnosis regardless of diarrhea, and assemble relevant data to harmonize clinical approaches.

Predicting Severe Respiratory Failure in Patients with COVID-19: A Machine Learning Approach.

Studies attempting to predict the development of severe respiratory failure in patients with a COVID-19 infection using machine learning algorithms have yielded different results due to differences in variable selection. We aimed to predict the development of severe respiratory failure, defined as the need for high-flow oxygen support, continuous positive airway pressure, or mechanical ventilation, in patients with COVID-19, using machine learning algorithms to identify the most important variables in achieving this prediction. This retrospective, cross-sectional study included COVID-19 patients with mild respiratory failure (mostly receiving oxygen through a mask or nasal cannula).

Treatment decision for impacted mandibular third molars: Effects of cone-beam computed tomography and level of surgeons' experience.

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of surgeons' experience and the benefit of using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, compared to the use of panoramic radiography (PAN) images, on their decisions with regard to mandibular third molar treatment modality. Panoramic radiographs and CBCTs from a total of 143 patients who had undergone impacted third molar surgery were randomly evaluated for treatment decision by 10 participants with differing clinical experience (5 novices and 5 experienced surgeons). The degree of agreement between the same type of participants was 'Substantial Agreement' (0.

Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: Eight-year results of a multicenter retrospective study in Turkey.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is an important public health problem due to its diverse clinical presentations, diagnostic complexities, and significant impact on patient outcomes and public health. Our study aimed to understand the sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics as well as diagnostic and treatment modalities of adult patients with EPTB. This is a multicentric retrospective study that covers patients with EPTB cases followed up from January 2015 to December 2022 among tuberculosis (TB) dispensaries and Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology clinics of 15 hospitals located in various regions of Turkey.

Multicenter evaluation of ceftazidime-avibactam use in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections in OXA-48 endemic regions.

Data in the literature on the use of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections (CRKP-BSIs) are limited especially in OXA-48 (Oxacillinase-48) predominant regions. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of CAZ-AVI use on outcomes in CRKP-BSIs in Turkey, where OXA-48 is endemic. A multicenter retrospective observational study was conducted between January 2017 and September 2021.

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Versus Polymyxin-Based Combination Therapies: A Study on 30-Day Mortality in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections in an OXA-48-Endemic Region.

: Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is recommended as first-line treatment for Oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48) β-Lactamase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections, while polymyxin-based combination therapies (PBCTs) are used as a last resort when CAZ-AVI is unavailable. Research comparing the effectiveness of CAZ-AVI and PBCT in CRE blood stream infections (CRE-BSIs) is limited, mostly focusing on carbapenemase (KPC)-producing isolates. In Turkey, OXA-48 is endemic and OXA-48-Like is common.

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in a Patient with AIDS: A Case Report and Literature Review.

In this paper, we reported a 27-year-old man presenting with Henoch-Schönlein purpura in an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient with Kaposi sarcoma. He died from sepsis-related organ failures in the hospital. Relevant literature was also discussed to illustrate this disease.

Primary Tuberculous Pyomyositis of the Left Forearm Muscles.

Pyomyositis, often caused by , is a rare primary infection of skeletal muscle and is usually associated with abscess formation. Pyomyositis caused by s is extremely rare. In this paper, by presenting a case of tuberculous pyomyositis, we tried to provide a simple answer to the question of when we should consider in the etiology of pyomyositis.

Factors affecting mortality in COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: An international ID-IRI study.

Background: This study aimed to identify factors that influence the mortality rate of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 23 centers across 15 countries, spanning the period of March 2020 to December 2021, were retrospectively collected. The study population comprised patients who developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis while being treated for COVID-19 in the intensive care unit.

Cone beam computed tomography evaluation of c-shaped canal morphology in mandibular premolar teeth.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the morphology of c-shaped root canal(s) in mandibular premolars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

Materials And Methods: CBCT images of 1095 mandibular premolars were examined at coronal, middle, and apical levels of the root canals. The type, the level, and the position (buccal or lingual) of the c-shaped anatomy were recorded.

Comparison of quantitative radiomorphometric predictors of healthy and MRONJ-affected bone using panoramic radiography and cone-beam CT.

Objectives: To determine the most distinctive quantitative radiomorphometric parameter(s) for the detection of MRONJ-affected bone changes in panoramic radiography (PR) and cone-beam CT (CBCT).

Methods: PR and sagittal CBCT slices of 24 MRONJ patients and 22 healthy controls were used for the measurements of mandibular cortical thickness (MCT), fractal dimension (FD), lacunarity, mean gray value (MGV), bone area fraction (BA/TA), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.

Can artificial intelligence detect type 2 diabetes in women by evaluating the pectoral muscle on tomosynthesis: diagnostic study.

Objectives: This retrospective single-center analysis aimed to evaluate whether artificial intelligence can detect type 2 diabetes mellitus by evaluating the pectoral muscle on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT).

Material Method: An analysis of 11,594 DBT images of 287 consecutive female patients (mean age 60, range 40-77 years) was conducted using convolutional neural networks (EfficientNetB5). The inclusion criterion was left-sided screening images with unsuspicious interpretation who also had a current glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) % value.

Risk factors for carbapenem-resistant infections in Intensive Care Units: a multicentre case-control study with a competing-risks analysis.

Aim: This study investigated the risk factors for the development of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections in adult patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs).

Methods: A multicentre case-control study was conducted in ICUs in three tertiary hospitals in Turkey. The cases were patients culture-confirmed CRKP and a condition associated with healthcare-associated infections.

Registry-Based Retrospective Cohort Study of Mortality among Adults Admitted to Intensive Care Units in Istanbul with Hospital Acquired Bloodstream-Infection between 2014-2021.

Background: Managing bloodstream infections (BSIs) is challenging due to increasing antimicrobial resistance, limited therapeutic options, and high mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to identify 30-day mortality risk factors and assess infectious diseases consultants' preferences for combination or monotherapy.

Methods: The study was conducted in four hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey, involving 140 adult ICU beds and 336,780 ICU-bed-days between 1 January 2014, and 31 December 2021.

Understanding clinical outcomes and factors influencing mortality in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19-associated candidemia.

Background: During the COVID pandemic, research has shown an increase in candidemia cases following severe COVID infection and the identification of risk factors associated with candidemia. However, there is a lack of studies that specifically explore clinical outcomes and mortality rates related to candidemia after COVID infection.

Objectives: The aim of this international study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and identify factors influencing mortality in patients who developed candidemia during their COVID infection.