Integrating neuroscience and artificial intelligence: EEG analysis using ensemble learning for diagnosis Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are both progressive neurological disorders that affect the elderly. Distinguishing between individuals suffering from these two diseases in the early stages can be quite challenging, and due to their different treatments, it has become an important problem. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can be helpful in this matter due to their high ability to manage large data and deliver high-quality diagnostic results.

Frequency and treatment outcomes of chest wall masses: a 10-year report.

Introduction: Chest wall tumors, though rare, represent a significant subset of thoracic neoplasms, accounting for approximately 5% of thoracic and 2% of overall body neoplasms. Their management has historically posed challenges for surgeons, often leading to misdiagnosis, incomplete resection, and high complication rates. An individualized surgical approach, tailored to the specific characteristics of the disease, is crucial for optimizing outcomes.

Walking or breathing: comparing the 6-minute walking distance test to the pulmonary function test for lung resection candidates.

Introduction: Given the limited use of the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) test as a replacement for standard tests in thoracic surgery, insufficient research exists on the prognostic value of this test, and further studies are necessary. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between pulmonary function tests (PFT) and the 6MWD test in lung resection patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2021-2022, involved lung resection candidates referred to the thoracic surgery clinic.

Safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss after metabolic bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Weight regain and insufficient weight loss are major challenges after metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), affecting patients' comorbidities and quality of life. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) in patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss after MBS.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to find the relevant studies.

Impact of opioid-related disorders on complications in patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a propensity score-matched analysis of the national inpatient sample.

Background: The opioid crisis caused a huge health concern in the United States. Despite this, few studies have examined the influence of opioid-related disorders (OD) on outcomes after bariatric surgery. The major goal of this study is to determine the impact of OD on in-hospital outcomes for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Post recurrence survival in early versus late period and its prognostic factors in rectal cancer patients.

To identify factors associated with post-recurrence survival (PRS), we examined our institutional recurrence patterns following definitive resection for rectal cancer. We reviewed all patients with rectal cancer diagnosed at three hospitals in the east of Iran from 2011 to 2020. The optimal cut-off value was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine early recurrence.

Current Understanding of PCSK9 and Its Relevance to Cancer Prognosis and Immune Therapy: A Review.

The effectiveness of immunotherapy for most cancer patients remains low, with approximately 10-30% of those treated surviving. Thus, much effort is being put into finding new ways to improve immune checkpoint therapy. Our review concludes that inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9), which plays a critical role in regulating cholesterol metabolism, can cause movement of T cells toward tumors, with increased sensitivity to immune checkpoint therapies.

Small bowel evisceration after abdominal hysterectomy with open vaginal cuff technique: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Vaginal cuff dehiscence post-hysterectomy is rare yet significant. Early recognition and prompt surgical intervention are crucial to prevent complications like bowel infarction. Consider second-look laparotomy in cases of uncertain bowel viability.

The association of preoperative hematologic parameters with short-term clinical outcomes in rectal cancer: A feature importance analysis.

Background: Various hematologic parameters have been proposed as prognostic factors in rectal cancer management, but data are conflicting and unclear. This study is designed to investigate the prognostic factor capability of preoperative hematologic parameters with postoperative morbidities and mortality in rectal cancer patients undergoing curative resection.

Methods: All 200 consecutive rectal cancer patients diagnosed at Ghaem University Hospital from 2017 to 2022 were retrospectively evaluated.

The Impact of Metabolic Bariatric Surgery on Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Purpose: There is a strong association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and obesity which are both important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The current study aimed to assess the association of MBS with different CVDs in patients with MASLD.

Materials And Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed by using ICD-10 codes.

Empowering Rural Housewives in Iran: Utilizing the Transtheoretical Model to Increase Physical Activity.

Objectives: Rural housewives are integral to household management and family care, yet their sedentary lifestyles present significant health risks. This study used the transtheoretical model (TTM) to investigate strategies that encourage and maintain regular exercise habits among rural housewives.

Methods: A semi-experimental study was conducted in 2021 with 114 housewives aged 30 to 59 who attended rural health centers in Gorgan, Iran.

Dihydropyrimidine derivatives as MDM2 inhibitors.

One of the chief pathways to regulate p53 levels is MDM2 protein, which negatively controls p53 by direct inhibition. Many cancers overproduce MDM2 protein to interrupt p53 functions. Therefore, impeding MDM2's binding to p53 can reactivate p53 in tumor cells may suggest an effective approach for tumor therapy.

The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Patients with Heart Failure: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The current study aims to evaluate the effect of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) on the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with diagnosed heart failure (HF). Fourteen related articles with 217 patients were included in the final analysis. LVEF significantly improved after BMS in patients with HF with a mean difference of 7.

Bariatric Surgery and Risk of Hospitalization for Gastrointestinal Cancers in the USA: a Propensity Score Matched Analysis of National Inpatient Sample Study.

Background: There are some concerns about the higher risk of certain gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in patients with a history of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS). The current study aimed to investigate the association of BMS with GI cancer hospital admission including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, small intestinal, liver, gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreatic cancers.

Methods: The analysis utilized the US national inpatient sample (NIS) data from 2016 to 2020, employing ICD-10 codes.

Targeted cancer treatment using folate-conjugated sponge-like ZIF-8 nanoparticles: a review.

ZIF-8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8) is a potential drug delivery system because of its unique properties, which include a large surface area, a large pore capacity, a large loading capacity, and outstanding stability under physiological conditions. ZIF-8 nanoparticles may be readily functionalized with targeting ligands for the identification and absorption of particular cancer cells, enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic medicines and reducing adverse effects. ZIF-8 is also pH-responsive, allowing medication release in the acidic milieu of cancer cells.

Bariatric Surgery and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis of US National Inpatient Sample.

Purpose: Previous research has suggested the ameliorating effect of bariatric surgery (BaS) on patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), but there is a lack of data on the effect of bariatric surgery on the odds of cardiovascular diseases in PH patients. The current study aims to evaluate the association of BaS and coronary artery diseases (CAD), heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), cardiac valve diseases, cardiac rhythm disorders, acute pulmonary embolism, and in-hospital mortality in patients with PH.

Methods: The national inpatient sample (NIS) data from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed by using ICD-10 codes.

Anti-arthritic and Antioxidant Effects of Trehalose in an Experimental Model of Arthritis.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to study the potential anti-arthritic and antioxidant effects of trehalose in an experimental model of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis.

Methods: Arthritis was induced via subcutaneous injection of CFA (0.1) into the right footpad of each rat.

Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Neuropathic pain is a disabling condition caused by various diseases and can profoundly impact the quality of life. Unfortunately, current treatments often do not produce complete amelioration and can be associated with potential side effects. Recently, herbal drugs have garnered more attention as an alternative or a complementary treatment.

Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer, specimen extraction: transanal or transabdominal?

Background: Comparison of natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) and transabdominal specimen extraction (TASE) in colorectal surgery remains controversial. Herein, we aimed to perform a retrospective analysis on surgical outcomes of NOSE and TASE at three hospitals in east of Iran.

Method: Consecutive locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery using either NOSE or TASE from 2011 to 2017 were recruited.

The effect of empowerment program to reduce Sugar Consumption based on the Multi-Theory Model on Body Mass Index and abdominal obesity in Iranian women.

Background: Considering the prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity in middle-aged women, this study was conducted to determine the effect of empowerment program to reduce sugar consumption based on the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) on Body Mass Index (BMI) and abdominal obesity in women aged 30-60 in Joven.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study (include descriptive and interventional sections) was conducted on the Joven city, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran country from October 2020 to August 2021. Sampling was performed as a multi-stage cluster.