An Evaluation of Deviation from the International Atomic Energy Agency-International Commission on Radiological Protection Proposed Equation for Calculation of Radiation Dose Rate Emanating from the Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Undergoing Radioiodine (I-131) Therapy.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate dose rate emanating from patients treated with I to evaluate which of the theoretical formulas, inverse-square law (ISL) and International Atomic Energy Agency-International Commission on Radiological Protection (IAEA-ICRP) suggested equation, can provide a sufficiently close approximation of the measured dose rate. Measurements were performed based on the IAEA safety report No. 63 method at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after administration of radioiodine at a distance of 1 m for 69 patients and for the rest of 67 patients, dose rate was measured at 2, 4, 24, and 48 h at a distance of 2 m.

Effect of induced high myopia on functional MRI signal changes.

Purpose: The current study evaluated the effect of lens-induced high myopia (IHM) on the activity of the occipital visual cortex during two visual stimuli presentations to the subjects. This was done by measuring the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal using functional MRI (fMRI).

Methods: BOLD contrast fMRI was performed with a 1.

Trans-oral miniature X-ray radiation delivery system with endoscopic optical feedback.

Purpose: Surgery, chemo- and/or external radiation therapy are the standard therapy options for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. Trans-oral access for the surgery reduces traumata and hospitalization time. A new trend in treatment is organ-preserving surgery.

Monte Carlo simulation of the RBE of I-131 radiation using DNA damage as biomarker.

In general, a weighting factor of one is applied for low linear energy transfer radiations. However, several studies indicate that relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of low energy photons and electrons is greater than one. The aim of this current study was calculating the RBE of I-131 radiation relative to Co-60 gamma photons in 100 μm spheroid cells using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.

Radioprotective Effect of Beta D-Glucan and Vitamin E on Gamma Irradiated Mouse.

Introduction: It is shown that beta-D-glucan is an immunologic system booster with radioprotectory effects. Radioprotectors are chemical components that can alleviate biological damage produced by ionizing radiation.

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the synergistic radioprotectory effects of beta-D-glucan and vitamin E on irradiated mice with Co source.

Assessment of the Prevalence of Diabetic Gastroparesis and Validation of Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy for Diagnosis.

Objective: Gastroparesis is defined as delayed gastric emptying and is a common medical condition in diabetic patients. Scintigraphy is commonly used as a standard diagnostic procedure for the quantitative assessment of gastroparesis. The aims of this study were to determine an optimum imaging time for the diagnosis of gastroparesis, to assess the prevalence of gastroparesis, to evaluate the correlation between endoscopy and scintigraphy findings as well as the correlation between gastric emptying with patient genders, blood glucose concentration, and functional dyspepsia.

Evaluation of Prognostic Factors Associated With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma With Pulmonary Metastasis.

Background: Because one of the major sites for metastasis of thyroid cancers is the lung, studying the pattern of pulmonary metastasis may provide useful information for the effective treatment of these patients. In this study, by assessing the metastasis pattern, we aimed to identify the factors that may affect prognosis and response to treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with pulmonary metastasis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 75 patients with DTC with pulmonary metastasis who were referred to our nuclear medicine section over a period of 10 years.

Assessment of Gastric Accommodation in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia by 99mTc-Pertechtenate Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging: Practical but not Widely Accepted.

Objective: Impaired gastric accommodation is one of the main symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia. The aim of the present study was to assess gastric accommodation in patients with functional dyspepsia using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with functional dyspepsia and 50 healthy volunteers as control group were enrolled in this study.

Comparison of 180° and 360° Arc Data Acquisition to Measure Scintigraphic Parameters from Gated Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Is There Any Difference?

Objective: The aim of the current study was to compare 180° and 360° data collection modes to measure end diastolic volume (EDV), end systolic volume (ESV) and ejection fraction (EF) values of the cardiac system by gated myocardial perfusion tomography.

Methods: Thirty-three patients underwent gated myocardial perfusion tomography. Single photon emission computed tomography data of patients' heart were acquired by 180°, 45° left posterior oblique to 45° right anterior oblique, and 360° to obtain EDV, ESV, EF and cardiac volume changes (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7 and V8) throughout each cardiac cycle.

Patient dose measurement in common medical X-ray examinations in Iran.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate patient dose in the chest (PA/AP/LAT) and skull (PA/AP/LAT) X-ray examinations, as frequent procedures. The study was performed in eight public hospitals of Khuzestan province, Iran. Patient dosimetry was conducted on 567 standard patient X-ray examinations (males: 61.

Review of biomedical Čerenkov luminescence imaging applications.

Čerenkov radiation is a fascinating optical signal, which has been exploited for unique diagnostic biological sensing and imaging, with significantly expanded use just in the last half decade. Čerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) has desirable capabilities for niche applications, using specially designed measurement systems that report on radiation distributions, radiotracer and nanoparticle concentrations, and are directly applied to procedures such as medicine assessment, endoscopy, surgery, quality assurance and dosimetry. When compared to the other imaging tools such as PET and SPECT, CLI can have the key advantage of lower cost, higher throughput and lower imaging time.

The Effect of Electromagnetic Field Generated by a Mobile Phone on the Performance of a SPECT Scanner: A Quantitative Study.

Purpose: The aim of the current attempt was quantitative investigation of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of a mobile phone with the function of a SPECT gamma camera during data acquisition.

Materials And Methods: We tested the effect of a mobile phone, in both ringing mode and standby mode, on one SPECT gamma camera during scanning a cylindrical phantom containing 5.4 mCi (99m)Tc.

Size Control in the Nanoprecipitation Process of Stable Iodine (¹²⁷I) Using Microchannel Reactor-Optimization by Artificial Neural Networks.

In this study, nanosuspension of stable iodine ((127)I) was prepared by nanoprecipitation process in microfluidic devices. Then, size of particles was optimized using artificial neural networks (ANNs) modeling. The size of prepared particles was evaluated by dynamic light scattering.

Relation between clinical features and gastric emptying time in diabetic patients.

Background: Gastroparesis is characterized by delayed gastric emptying. This pathology is usually observed in patients with diabetes. One standard approach to quantitative assessment of gastric emptying is scintigraphic study.

Comparison of thyroid blood flow and uptake indices using technetium-99m pertechnetate in patients with graves' disease and euthyroid subjects.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate parameters of early blood flow (EBF) including duration of EBF, perfusion index (PI), uptake indexes 1 and 2 (UI1 and UI2) derived from dynamic thyroid scintigraphy in patients with Graves' disease (GD), and euthyroid (EI). Maximum instant uptake and maximum uptake of the thyroid gland were also assessed.

Methods: A total of 50 patients with GD and EI were included in this study.

One size does not fit all: the merit of absorbed doses to the blood in 131I therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

The amount of 131I necessary for successful ablation in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is still subject to debate. This study investigates the relationship of the absorbed dose of radiation to the blood while administering 131I activity with several other parameters in DTC patients. This prospective study included 90 DTC patients who were classified into three groups according to their level of dosage: 3.

Optimization of paclitaxel-loaded poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide-N-p-maleimido benzoic hydrazide) nanoparticles size using artificial neural networks.

The aim of this study was to find a model using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict PLGA-PMBH nanoparticles (NPs) size in preparation by modified nanoprecipitation. The input variables were polymer content, drug content, power of sonication and ratio of organic/aqueous phase (i.e.

The electromagnetic interference of mobile phones on the function of a γ-camera.

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether or not the electromagnetic field generated by mobile phones interferes with the function of a SPECT γ-camera during data acquisition.

Methods: We tested the effects of 7 models of mobile phones on 1 SPECT γ-camera. The mobile phones were tested when making a call, in ringing mode, and in standby mode.

Annual effective dose from environmental gamma radiation in Bushehr city.

Background: Present study was an attempt to measure outdoor and indoor gamma dose rates in Bushehr city to determine corresponding annual effective dose and, to assess effect of active nuclear power plant located in Bushehr city on background radiation level of this city.

Methods: All measurements were performed by G.M (Geiger Muller) detector (X5C plus) calibrated in Iran Atomic Energy Agency.

Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of (131)I Radiation Relative to (60)Co Gamma Rays.

Objective: To assess relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of (131)I radiation relative to (60)Co gamma rays in glioblastoma spheroid cells.

Materials And Methods: : In this experimental study, glioblastoma spheroid cells were exposed to (131)I radiation and (60)Co gamma rays. Radiation induced DNA damage was evaluated by alkaline comet assay.

Correlation of 99mTc-DMSA scan with radiological and laboratory examinations in childhood acute pyelonephritis: a time-series study.

Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common diseases in children. They may lead to hypertension and renal failure later in life. Renal scintigraphy with technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) is one method used to diagnose acute pyelonephritis (APN) and renal parenchymal scars.

An update on mobile phones interference with medical devices.

Mobile phones' electromagnetic interference with medical devices is an important issue for the medical safety of patients who are using life-supporting medical devices. This review mainly focuses on mobile phones' interference with implanted medical devices and with medical equipment located in critical areas of hospitals. A close look at the findings reveals that mobile phones may adversely affect the functioning of medical devices, and the specific effect and the degree of interference depend on the applied technology and the separation distance.