A deep learning framework deploying segment anything to detect pan-cancer mitotic figures from haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.

Mitotic activity is an important feature for grading several cancer types. However, counting mitotic figures (cells in division) is a time-consuming and laborious task prone to inter-observer variation. Inaccurate recognition of MFs can lead to incorrect grading and hence potential suboptimal treatment.

The effect of vagotomy on c-fos expression in the reticular formation areas following cystometry in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in rats.

Background: The involvement of the vagus nerve in the supraspinal neural circuits that control the urinary bladder function, especially during pathological conditions, became increasingly evident. However, the role of brainstem areas in these circuits is not studied yet.

Methods: In the present study, using c-fos immunohistochemistry, the roles of the vagus nerve to the responses of the reticular formation to cystometry in cyclophosphamide-treated rats were investigated.

The Impact of DTYMK as a Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Overexpression of deoxythymidylate kinase (DTYMK) has been associated with more aggressiveness and pathological behaviors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the expression of DTYMK and its prognostic significance in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are yet unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the DTYMK immunohistochemistry reactivity in CRC tissues and to see how it correlated with various histological and clinical features as well as survival.

Abdominal peer learning: advantages and lessons learned.

In 2017, our tertiary hospital-based imaging practice transitioned from score-based peer review to the peer learning methodology for learning and improvement. In our subspecialized practice, peer learning submissions are reviewed by domain experts, who then provide feedback to individual radiologists, curate cases for group learning sessions, and develop associated improvement initiatives. In this paper, we share lessons learned from our abdominal imaging peer learning submissions with the assumption that trends in our practice likely mimic others', and hope that other practices can avoid future errors and elevate the level of the quality of their own performance.

Myositis ossificans of the chest wall in an 8-year-old boy: a case report of a diagnostic pitfall.

Myositis ossificans of the chest wall is extremely unusual with fewer than a dozen reported cases. In addition, the occurrence in children younger than 10 years is extremely rare. We report a case of an 8-year-old male who presented with painful and progressively enlarging left-sided chest wall mass.

The significance of StAR-related lipid transfer protein-3 expression in breast cancer.

StAR-related lipid transfer domain containing proteins (STARD3) are a group of proteins that contain a steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-related lipid transfer domain. Breast cancer (BC) has been linked to the STARD3 gene. In this study, we sought to confirm the relationship of STARD3 protein expression with clinicopathological characteristics and BC molecular subtypes.

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of EFEMP1 in Breast Cancer: An Immunohistochemistry Study.

EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1) has been associated to a variety of malignancies. Because EFEMP1 can act as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene, this study aimed to evaluate the expression of EFEMP1 at mRNA and protein in breast cancer and to ascertain the diagnostic and prognostic value of EFEMP1 in relation to clinical features of breast cancer. Several bioinformatics websites such as GEPIA and Oncomine databases were used to analyze the mRNA level of EFEMP1.

Importance of tumor subtypes in cancer imaging.

Cancer therapy has evolved from being broadly directed towards tumor types, to highly specific treatment protocols that target individual molecular subtypes of tumors. With the ever-increasing data on imaging characteristics of tumor subtypes and advancements in imaging techniques, it is now often possible for radiologists to differentiate tumor subtypes on imaging. Armed with this knowledge, radiologists may be able to provide specific information that can obviate the need for invasive methods to identify tumor subtypes.

Significance of fibulin-3 expression in bladder cancer: a tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical study.

Background: Predicting the behavior of bladder cancer by easy noninvasive methods and with less cost is needed. Fibulin-3 (EFEMP1), a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that is encoded by the gene EFEMP1, has been nominated as one of the potential mediators of muscle invasion in bladder cancer.

Methods: In this tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical study, fibulin-3 level of expression was evaluated using a semiquantitative scoring system and was correlated with patient's age and sex and tumor grade and stage.

Intraosseous inflammatory pseudotumor of the maxilla: A case report.

Inflammatory pseudotumors are benign lesions that are rarely reported in the head and neck. Moreover, intraosseous inflammatory pseudotumors of the maxilla are extremely rare, with less than 10 cases reported. A 52-year-old woman presented with recurrent dental infections; computed tomography scan of the osteolytic maxillary bone lesion and incisional biopsy were performed.

An anti-inflammatory bundle may help avoid opioids for low-risk outpatient procedures.

Background: Currently, over half of drug overdose deaths are due to opioids. Opioid alternatives may be prescribed to help curb the opioid epidemic. However, little is known about their efficacy for acute postoperative pain.

A radiologist's guide to novel anticancer therapies in the era of precision medicine.

Novel anticancer agents have replaced conventional chemotherapy as first line agents for many cancers, with continued new and expanding indications. Small molecule inhibitors act on cell surface or intracellular targets and prevent the downstream signaling that would otherwise permit tumor growth and spread. Anticancer antibodies can be directed against growth factors or may be immunotherapeutic agents.

Live in Front of Students Teaching Sessions (LISTS): a Novel Learning Experience from Jordan During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic uncovered innovative approaches in medical education. Modifications are needed to overcome the drawbacks of pure online teaching. Our study aimed at testing a hybrid method of live online practical anatomy sessions in which an element of face-to-face teacher-student interaction is maintained.

The Prognostic Significance of Proteasome 26S Subunit, Non-ATPase (PSMD) Genes for Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Patients.

Proteasome a highly sophisticated systems that alter protein structure and function. Proteasome 26S Subunit, Non-ATPase (PSMD) genes have been implicated in several types of malignancies. This is the first study to look at how proteasomal subunits are expressed in patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA).

Self-Reported Obsession Toward COVID-19 Preventive Measures Among Undergraduate Medical Students During the Early Phase of Pandemic in Jordan.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated precautionary measures have substantial impacts not only on the medical, economic, and social context but also on psychological health. This study aimed to assess the obsession toward COVID-19 preventive measures among undergraduate medical students during the early phase of the pandemic in Jordan. Online questionnaires were distributed between March 16, 2020 and March 19, 2020.

The usefulness of histopathology examples in teaching practical histology for medical students: A CONSORT-compliant randomized crossover trial.

Background: Teaching histology as an image-intensive discipline is a major challenge to medical teachers. We compared knowledge retention and student preference after performing comparison-based and traditional methods of teaching practical histology.

Methods: We performed a crossover randomized controlled trial.

Effect of low-threshold versus high-threshold genitalia stimuli on the cystometry parameters in male rats.

The cross talk between external genitalia and urinary bladder could be used as part of management to certain pathological conditions affecting urinary bladder. Since urinary bladder function is also affected by pathologies of other organs (e.g.

Differential Expression and Prognostic Significance of STARD3 Gene in Breast Carcinoma.

StAR related lipid transfer domain containing 3 () gene has been reported to be co-amplified with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 () in breast carcinoma. STARD3 is necessary for cholesterol transfer and metabolism in tumor cells. The possible role played by as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker was investigated in breast cancer (BC).

Differential Expression of Androgen Receptor in Type I and Type II Endometrial Carcinomas: A Clinicopathological Analysis and Correlation with Outcome.

Objectives: Endometrial carcinomas (EC) are the most common gynecological malignancies and are conventionally divided into type I and type II due to diagnostic and prognostic considerations. Female hormone expression in EC is extensively studied; however, data about androgen receptor (AR) expression in EC are sparse. We aimed to study AR expression in different types of EC at our institute and whether it had an impact on patient outcomes.

Metastatic small cell carcinoma of the lung with prominent spindle cell morphology and hemangiopericytoma-like vascular pattern: A sarcoma mimicker.

Small cell carcinoma is a malignant neuroendocrine tumor with aggressive clinical behavior. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by the proliferation of small, round, blue cells. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old man with a 1-month history of enlarging chest wall mass.

Necrobiotic granulomas of the bowel accompanying 3-year postsurgical recurrence of colon cancer: A case report.

Introduction: Postsurgical necrobiotic granulomas present a diagnostic challenge and have been described in organs such as the urinary bladder, prostate, and uterus. However, occurrence of these granulomas is rare in the bowel.

Presentation Of The Case: In this report, we present the case of a 28-year-old woman with recurrent multifocal colonic adenocarcinoma 3 years after sigmoidectomy.

Perinodular hydropic degeneration in uterine leiomyoma causing rapid enlargement and mimicking a myxoid smooth muscle tumor: Case report of a diagnostic challenge.

Introduction: Hydropic degeneration, sometimes reported as perinodular hydropic degeneration, is one of the various degenerative changes that can be observed in uterine leiomyomas. It can be a clinical and a histopathological diagnostic pitfall.

Case Report: Here we present the case of a 40-year-old woman with leiomyoma uteri with perinodular hydropic degeneration.

Poorly Cohesive Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder with Signet Rings and Neuroendocrine-Like Morphology: A Rare Incidental Histopathological Diagnosis with Lessons to Learn.

BACKGROUND Poorly cohesive cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is extremely rare. CASE REPORT Here we present a case of a 46-year-old male with the clinical diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. The ultrasound showed gallbladder wall thickening and multiple stones.