Nanocomposite hydrogel based on carrageenan-coated starch/cellulose nanofibers as a hemorrhage control material.

The aim of this study was to develop a novel Kappa carrageenan (κCA)-coated Starch/cellulose nanofiber (CNF) with adjustable mechanical, physical and biological properties for hemostatic applications. Results indicated that compared to Starch/CNF hydrogel, mechanical strength of κCA-coated Starch/CNF hydrogels significantly enhanced (upon 2 times), depending on the κCA content. Noticeably, the compressive strength of Starch/CNF increased from 15 ± 3 kPa to 27 ± 2 kPa in the 1% wt.