Image guided preoperative abdominal wall botox injection for large ventral hernia repair: A case series.

This case series aims to explore the application of preoperative CT guided Botox injections in three different cases of abdominal wall reconstructions. Each of the three cases highlights the role of chemical component separation in achieving myofascial release and contributing to a successful surgical repair. The use of Botox in the preoperative planning of abdominal wall repair aims at creating a tension-free environment for midline closure and promoting an overall positive postoperative course for the patient.

The Relative Contribution of Glycine-GABA Cotransmission in the Core of the Respiratory Network.

The preBötzinger complex (preBötC) and the Bötzinger complex (BötC) are interconnected neural circuits that are involved in the regulation of breathing in mammals. Fast inhibitory neurotransmission is known to play an important role in the interaction of these two regions. Moreover, the corelease of glycine and GABA has been described in the respiratory network, but the contribution of the individual neurotransmitter in different pathways remains elusive.

Norepinephrine regulates calcium signals and fate of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the mouse cerebral cortex.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) generate oligodendrocytes, contributing to myelination and myelin repair. OPCs contact axons and respond to neuronal activity, but how the information relayed by the neuronal activity translates into OPC Ca signals, which in turn influence their fate, remains unknown. We generated transgenic mice for concomitant monitoring of OPCs Ca signals and cell fate using 2-photon microscopy in the somatosensory cortex of awake-behaving mice.

In-vivo optogenetic identification and electrophysiology of glycinergic neurons in pre-Bötzinger complex of mice.

Breathing requires distinct patterns of neuronal activity in the brainstem. The most critical part of the neuronal network responsible for respiratory rhythm generation is the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC), located in the ventrolateral medulla. This area contains both rhythmogenic glutamatergic neurons and also a high number of inhibitory neurons.

Fiber optical imaging of astroglial calcium signaling in the respiratory network in the working heart brainstem preparation.

The neuronal activity in the respiratory network strongly depends on a variety of different neuromodulators. Given the essential role of astrocytes in stabilizing respiratory network activity generated by neurons in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), our aim was to investigate astrocytic calcium signaling in the working heart brainstem preparation using fiber-optical imaging. By using transgenic mice that express GCaMP6s specifically in astrocytes, we successfully recorded astrocytic calcium signals in response to norepinephrine from individual astrocytes.

Acute presentation of renal pseudoaneurysms in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus after percutaneous renal biopsy.

The development of renal pseudoaneurysms following percutaneous kidney biopsy is a rare but potentially dangerous complication due to the risk of rupture with subsequent hemorrhage. We describe a female patient in her 20s with long-standing lupus nephritis who presented to the hospital for elective CT-guided left renal biopsy that was complicated by pseudoaneurysms in the bilateral kidneys. Post-biopsy, she developed a perinephric hematoma that extended to the upper pelvis with resultant superior displacement and diminished blood flow to the left kidney.

Superior Hypogastric Nerve Blockade for Uterine Artery Embolization: A Systematic Review.

Superior hypogastric nerve block (SHNB) has potential to reduce pain following uterine artery embolization (UAE). However, existing studies are limited by design, sample size, or conflicting results. A systematic review of the literature was performed.

Embolization of Renal Cell Carcinoma Skeletal Metastases Preceding Orthopedic Surgery.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of renal malignancy in adults. Bone is a major site of metastatic disease from RCC. Osseous metastatic disease from RCC is often seen in the spine, pelvis, and femur, and is usually hypervascular in nature like its primary tumor source.

Angiotensin II increases respiratory rhythmic activity in the preBötzinger complex without inducing astroglial calcium signaling.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the primary modulator of the renin-angiotensin system and has been widely studied for its effect on the cardiovascular system. While a few studies have also indicated an involvement of Ang II in the regulation of breathing, very little is known in this regard and its effect on brainstem respiratory regions such as the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), the kernel for inspiratory rhythm generation, has not been investigated yet. This study reports that Ang II temporarily increases phrenic nerve activity in the working heart-brainstem preparation, indicating higher central respiratory drive.

Increase of breathing rate mediated by unilateral optogenetic inactivation of inhibitory neurons in the preBötzinger Complex in vivo.

Brainstem neural circuits located in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC) and Bötzinger complex (BötC) play a critical role in the control of breathing. In this study, glycinergic preBötC and BötC neurons were inactivated with optogenetics in vivo using mice with Cre inducible expression of eNpHR3.0-EYFP.

Role of failed renal allograft embolization in the treatment of graft intolerance syndrome.

Nearly, 20% of renal allografts fail after 5 years resulting in a return to hemodialysis. These patients subsequently undergo withdrawal of immunosuppressant therapy, and the failed allograft is left . However, many patients (40%) develop graft intolerance syndrome, characterized by fever, pain, and hematuria.

Quantifying odour impacts from aged organic waste to be considered as a priority constraint in route optimization for waste collection trucks.

Route optimization has been used for years to plan the routes for municipal solid waste (MSW) collection trucks to achieve cost reductions. Historically, optimized routes had overlooked a number of aspects and parameters in their design. This study aims to consider MSW odour detection as a performance indicator and a priority constraint in the optimization process by quantifying the impact of objectionable odours from uncollected aged MSW that contains a high percentage of food waste (typically called wet garbage).

Validation of Selective Agars for Detection and Quantification of Escherichia coli Strains Resistant to Critically Important Antimicrobials.

Success in the global fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is likely to improve if surveillance can be performed on an epidemiological scale. An approach based on agars with incorporated antimicrobials has enormous potential to achieve this. However, there is a need to identify the combinations of selective agars and key antimicrobials yielding the most accurate counts of susceptible and resistant organisms.

Auxiliary Subunits Regulate the Dendritic Turnover of AMPA Receptors in Mouse Hippocampal Neurons.

Different families of auxiliary subunits regulate the function and trafficking of native α (AMPA) receptors in the central nervous system. While a facilitatory role of auxiliary subunits in ER export and forward trafficking of newly synthesized AMPA receptors is firmly established, it is unclear whether auxiliary subunits also control endosomal receptor turnover in dendrites. Here, we manipulated the composition of AMPA receptor complexes in cultured hippocampal neurons by overexpression of two auxiliary subunits, (TARP) γ-8 or (CKAMP) 44a, and monitored dendritic receptor cycling in live-cell imaging experiments.

Autoimmune Gastritis Treated With Mycophenolate Mofetil.

Autoimmune gastritis is an inflammatory condition of the gastric mucosa. We report a 64-year-old woman with chronic abdominal pain of 3-year duration. Endoscopic and histologic evaluation revealed autoimmune pangastritis.

Sociodemographic Determinants of Healthcare-Seeking Options and Alternative Management Practices of Childhood Diarrheal Illness: A Household Survey among Mothers in Iraq.

Diarrhea remains a significant cause of child morbidity and mortality in Iraq. The objective of this study was to examine the current practices of home-based management of diarrheal illnesses among Iraqi children. We surveyed mothers of children aged less than 5 years to identify the sociodemographic factors associated with maternal healthcare-seeking practices.

Risk prediction rule for advanced neoplasia on screening colonoscopy for average-risk individuals.

Background: In resource-limited countries, risk stratification can be used to optimize colorectal cancer screening. Few prospective risk prediction models exist for advanced neoplasia (AN) in true average-risk individuals.

Aim: To create and internally validate a risk prediction model for detection of AN in average-risk individuals.

Challenges and Opportunities towards the Development of Risk Assessment at the Consumer Phase in Developing Countries-The Case of Cross-Contamination during Handling of Raw Chicken in Two Middle Eastern Countries.

In many low- and middle-income countries, data limitations are a major challenge facing the development of food safety risk assessment. In the present study, a questionnaire data collection tool was designed with an emphasis on gathering specific data points required by a risk modeller for simulating a scenario of cross-contamination during handling of raw chicken meat at the consumer phase. The tool was tested in practice to support its value and applicability in settings where data limitations are a challenge.