Multimodal treatment paradigm for unstaged resection of a large cystic brain metastasis: illustrative case.

Background: The management of cystic brain metastases remains challenging, with high recurrence rates following treatment with resection and/or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Tumor resection and adjuvant radiation provide superior outcomes in comparison to those for each therapy alone, but large cystic tumor en bloc removal is difficult. Cyst aspiration can be used to decrease the radiation target volume, enabling safer delivery of a therapeutic radiation dose with improved local tumor control.

Technologically Comprehensive Reconstruction of Fronto-Orbito-Sphenoidal Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia.

Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) is a benign bone condition that presents unique challenges due to its proximity to vital organs, esthetic significance, and variability in each case. Consequently, a meticulous and personalized surgical approach becomes imperative. Diverse techniques and technologies have been employed sporadically to tackle various aspects of CFD.

An Injury-like Signature of the Extracellular Glioma Metabolome.

Aberrant metabolism is a hallmark of malignancies including gliomas. Intracranial microdialysis enables the longitudinal collection of extracellular metabolites within CNS tissues including gliomas and can be leveraged to evaluate changes in the CNS microenvironment over a period of days. However, delayed metabolic impacts of CNS injury from catheter placement could represent an important covariate for interpreting the pharmacodynamic impacts of candidate therapies.

Plasma exchange as a tool for removal of bevacizumab: Highlighting application for urgent surgery.

Background: Bevacizumab is commonly used to manage cerebral edema associated with brain tumors. However, its long half-life poses challenges for patients requiring urgent surgery due to wound complications. We present a case of utilizing therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) to remove bevacizumab in a patient with recurrent glioblastoma requiring urgent surgery.

Blood-brain barrier disruption defines the extracellular metabolome of live human high-grade gliomas.

The extracellular microenvironment modulates glioma behaviour. It remains unknown if blood-brain barrier disruption merely reflects or functionally supports glioma aggressiveness. We utilised intra-operative microdialysis to sample the extracellular metabolome of radiographically diverse regions of gliomas and evaluated the global extracellular metabolome via ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

The ω-3 endocannabinoid docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide reduces seizure susceptibility in mice by activating cannabinoid type 1 receptors.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are the most recognized omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids showing neuroprotective activity in animal and clinical studies. Docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHEA) and eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide (EPEA) are non-oxygenated endogenous metabolites of DHA and EPA, which might be in charge of the anti-seizure activity of the parent molecules. We examined the effect of these metabolites on the threshold of clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ).

Reconstruction of the plantar toe with a distal reverse instep sensory island flap.

Background: Plantar toe ulcers are a challenging surgical problem. There are several methods for reconstruction, but no attention has been given to the preservation of sensation. This report proposes a method to provide protective sensation for the reconstructed area.

Evaluation of Complications after Surgical Treatment of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.

Background: Surgical treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is necessary when non-surgical treatments fail. Complications of surgical procedures vary from short-term post-surgical pain to permanent disability. The outcome of TOS surgery is affected by the visibility during the operation.

In silico Screening and Evaluation of the Anticonvulsant Activity of Docosahexaenoic Acid-Like Molecules in Experimental Models of Seizures.

Background: Resistance to antiepileptic drugs and the intolerability in 20-30% of the patients raises demand for developing new drugs with improved efficacy and safety. Acceptable anticonvulsant activity, good tolerability, and inexpensiveness of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) make it as a good candidate for designing and development of the new anticonvulsant medications.

Methods: Ten DHA-based molecules were screened based on in silico screening of DHA-like molecules by root-mean-square deviation of atomic positions, the biological activity score of Professional Association for SQL Server, and structural requirements suggested by pharmacophore design.

Comparison of a distal end-to-side neurorrhaphy with a proximal-distal end-to-side neurorrhaphy: in a rat model.

Background: Peripheral nerve injuries have severe consequences on quality of life, especially in cases with extensive or old injuries when standard nerve repair is impossible and proposed repair methods are not completely satisfactory. Terminolateral neurorrhaphy is a practical and advantageous technique for nerve repair; therefore, we developed a nerve function study to evaluate advantages of proximal stump coaptation in end-to-side nerve repair method.

Methods: Three experimental groups were studied: In group A, the proximal and distal stumps of the transected peroneal nerve were sutured to the posterior tibialis nerve in left side and right side left intact; in group B, a classic end-to-side neurorrhaphy was performed; and group C was without neurorrhaphy as the control group.