Individual-finger motor imagery classification: a data-driven approach with Shapley-informed augmentation.

. Classifying motor imagery (MI) tasks that involve fine motor control of the individual five fingers presents unique challenges when utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) data. In this paper, we systematically assess the classification of MI functions for the individual five fingers using single-trial time-domain EEG signals.

Customized SmartPeg for measurement of resonance frequency of mini dental implants.

Background: One-piece narrow diameter implants (NDIs) have been recommended as "Single-tooth replacements in the anterior zones, single posterior, multiple-unit fixed dental prosthesis (FDP), edentulous jaws to be rehabilitated with FDP, and edentulous jaws rehabilitation with overdentures in situations with reduced mesiodistal space or reduced ridge width." (ITI consensus 2013). Since NDIs can be immediately loaded, it is important to be able to carry out stability testing.

The mandibular retromolar area as a donor site in maxillofacial bone grafting: surgical notes.

Bone harvesting from the mandibular retromolar area represents an attractive approach to obtaining corticocancellous bone blocks for reconstruction of a deficient alveolar ridge. Knowledge of the local anatomy, adherence to proper surgical techniques, and judicious use of appropriate surgical armamentarium are paramount to minimizing operative hazards. The objective of this article is to review pertinent surgical notes related to the safe harvesting of corticocancellous bone blocks from the retromolar area using a trephine bur technique.

Management of a failed mandibular staple implant: a clinical report.

A 48-year-old woman sought treatment because her staple implant-retained overdenture was no longer retentive, and the denture was worn over the abutments. After unsuccessfully attempting to move the retentive nuts along the transosseous posts of the staple implant, the posts were cut off at the level of the bone. Two endosseous implants were placed around the staple implant, and a new implant-retained overdenture was fabricated and inserted using ball attachments for retention.

Methodology for measuring the in vitro seating and unseating forces of prefabricated attachment systems used to retain implant overdentures.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to measure the forces generated during the continuous seating and unseating of prefabricated attachment systems used to retain implant overdentures.

Materials And Methods: An experimental design consisting of interchangeable fixture mounts, a radially indexable fixture holder, and a materials testing systems (MTS) machine was used to measure forces generated during the insertion and removal of spherical stud attachments (Straumann, Inc, Waltham, WA). Three separate experiments were conducted measuring the seating and unseating forces of a vertically aligned patrix/matrix assembly, a 20 degrees angled patrix opposing a vertically positioned matrix, and a vertically positioned patrix opposing a 20 degrees angled matrix.

Video-Assisted Clinical Instruction in Dentistry (VACID) enhances real-time visualisation of clinical procedures.

Aim: The use of Video-Assisted Clinical Instruction in Dentistry (VACID) in the training of dental students represents an innovative teaching medium. Despite the many advantages that this teaching medium promises to offer, little objective research has been published to substantiate its purported benefits. This article examines the students' response to the application of VACID to enhance real-time visualisation of clinical procedures while observing live clinical procedures in periodontics.

Video-assisted clinical instruction in dentistry. Overview and applications.

Dental education can benefit from adopting new technologies and modern learning practices. Video-assisted clinical instruction in dentistry (VACID) uses video technology with the purpose of enhancing the teaching of technical skills and the acquisition of clinical knowledge, as well as fostering student-centered learning and critical self-appraisal. VACID is made possible through the capturing, recording, transmitting and viewing of high quality video images of live or pre-recorded clinical procedures.

Enhancing restorative, periodontal, and esthetic outcomes through orthodontic extrusion.

Traumatic tooth fractures, dental caries, and overzealous tooth preparations can lead to the loss of coronal tooth structure, thus complicating the definitive prosthetic plan. Although exposure of additional clinical tooth structure by surgical crown lengthening is often recommended, such an approach is usually discouraged because of the possible adverse periodontal changes to the adjacent teeth and compromised esthetics, especially in the presence of an otherwise intact arch. This article discusses the application of orthodontic extrusion to conservatively restore a single tooth with minimal coronal tooth structure in the esthetic zone.

Fabrication of a surgical template for implant/bar-retained mandibular overdentures.

To achieve long-term success with an implant-retained overdenture, application of force in the path of insertion of the prosthesis has been recommended. This implies that the retentive matrices and the implants are positioned parallel to each other and to the path of insertion of the prosthesis. This article describes a technique for the fabrication of a surgical template for an implant-retained overdenture in the mandible.

Effects of FGF-2/-9 in calvarial bone cell cultures: differentiation stage-dependent mitogenic effect, inverse regulation of BMP-2 and noggin, and enhancement of osteogenic potential.

Systemically administered fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) show anabolic effects on bone formation in animals, whereas in vitro cell culture studies have demonstrated that FGFs block mineralized bone nodule formation. These apparently contradictory outcomes indicate that the nature of FGF action is complex and that the biological effect of FGFs may depend on the differentiation stage of osteoblasts, interaction with other cytokines, or the length and mode of exposure to factors. Thus, we have utilized primary calvarial bone cell populations at different maturation phases to determine their responses to 2, FGF-9, and BMP-2, the factors expressed in bone.

Chitosan supports the initial attachment and spreading of osteoblasts preferentially over fibroblasts.

The aim of this study was to determine chitosan's effect on osteoblast and fibroblast cell attachment. Mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and 3T3 fibroblasts were grown in the presence of serum on two commercially available chitosans, Chitosan-H (CH) and Protasan CL212 (PR). Cell attachment and immunofluorescent analysis at various time points were done to analyze initial phenotypic profiles.