Tibial nerve branching pattern and compatibility of branches for the deep fibular nerve.

Purpose: In individuals who develop drop foot due to nerve loss, several methods such as foot-leg orthosis, tendon transfer, and nerve grafting are used. Nerve transfer, on the other hand, has been explored in recent years. The purpose of this study was to look at the tibial nerve's branching pattern and the features of its branches in order to determine the suitability of the tibial nerve motor branches, particularly the plantaris muscle motor nerve, for deep fibular nerve transfer.

Patellar bone stock after extra-articular knee resection preserving extensor mechanism: A cadaveric study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the thickness of the remaining patellar bone stock following extra-articular knee resection (EKR) preserving the extensor mechanism in human cadaveric knee joints.

Methods: A total of 14 human cadaveric knee joints (8 men and 2 women) were dissected, and the patellar thickness from the joint capsule insertion to the anterior cortex of the patella was measured using an electronic caliper. The mean age of the cadavers was 37 years (range=28-50).

The importance of costoclavicular space on possible compression of the subclavian artery in the thoracic outlet region: a radio-anatomical study.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to identify possible compression points along the transit route of the subclavian artery and to provide a detailed anatomical analysis of areas that are involved in the surgical management of the thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). The results of the current study are based on measurements from cadavers, computed tomography (CT) scans and dry adult first ribs.

Methods: The width and length of the interscalene space and the width of the costoclavicular passage were measured on 18 cervical dissections in 9 cadavers, on 50 dry first ribs and on CT angiography sections from 15 patients whose conditions were not related to TOS.

Tendon interposition and ligament reconstruction with ECRL tendon in the late stages of Kienböck's disease: a cadaver study.

Background: The optimal surgical treatment for Kienböck's disease with stages IIIB and IV remains controversial. A cadaver study was carried out to evaluate the use of coiled extensor carpi radialis longus tendon for tendon interposition and a strip obtained from the same tendon for ligament reconstruction in the late stages of Kienböck's disease.

Methods: Coiled extensor carpi radialis longus tendon was used to fill the cavity of the excised lunate, and a strip obtained from this tendon was sutured onto itself after passing through the scaphoid and the triquetrum acting as a ligament to preserve proximal row integrity.

Dorsal cutaneous innervation of the hand with respect to anatomical landmarks: is there a safe zone?

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to define the borders of the triangular area between the radial and dorsal nerves on the dorsum of the hand and to determine its dimensions using measurements between anatomic landmarks.

Materials And Methods: We statistically analyzed the relation between the distance from Lister's tubercle to the blending point of the central branches of radial and ulnar nerves and the distance between styloids on 14 hands of seven adult human cadavers (5 males, 2 females). The distances of nerve branches to vertical lines drown distally from both styloid processes were also compared with interstyloid distances to help in presuming the course of these nerves.

Treatment of hyperdynamic nasal tip ptosis in open rhinoplasty: using the anatomic relationship between the depressor septi nasi muscle and the dermocartilaginous ligament.

Background: Smiling causes a deformity in some rhinoplasty patients that includes drooping of the nasal tip, elevation and shortening of the upper lip, and increased maxillary gingival show. The depressor septi muscle leads this deformity. The dermocartilaginous ligament originates from the fascia of the upper third of the nose and extends down to the medial crus, merging into the depressor septi muscle.

Anatomic relationship between the anterior sylvian point and the pars triangularis.

The aim of this study was to show morphological sulcal variations of the pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus and to provide a clearer description of the anterior sylvian point. Thirty-six hemispheres of 18 adult cadavers were studied. The hemispheres were harvested by the classical autopsy method and fixed in 10% formalin solution for three weeks.

Avoiding iatrogenic radial nerve injury during humeral fracture surgery: a modified approach to the distal humerus.

Objective: Our aim was to assess the results of posterior retraction technique to prevent iatrogenic radial nerve injury during humeral fracture surgery.

Methods: Seventy-two patients who underwent surgery for a distal humerus fracture between 1996 and 2002 were reviewed. These 72 patients comprised Group 1.

Percutaneous ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block or step-by-step local infiltration anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair: what cadaveric dissection says?

Purpose: The repair of groin hernias with local anesthesia has gained popularity. Two main methods have been described for local anesthesia. This study was aimed at comparing percutaneous truncular ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric block and step-by-step infiltration technique by using cadaver dissections.

The neurovascular relationships of the oculomotor nerve.

In this study, the arterial supply of the cisternal (initial) and the subcavernous parts of the oculomotor nerve (ON) and the relation between the nerve and adjacent vascular structures like posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and superior cerebellar artery (SCA) were investigated. A total of 140 formalin fixed hemispheres from 70 human cadaveric brains were examined. The nutrient branches reaching the cisternal and subcavernous parts of the ON were investigated, along with branches of adjacent vascular structures penetrating the nerve and passing through it.

Histomorphological differences of spermatic cords regarding subinguinal versus inguinal levels: a cadaveric study.

Aim: Varicocele is a common disorder among male population and is the most common cause of secondary infertility. Microsurgical inguinal or subinguinal operations are the preferred approaches but the two differ in technical difficulty. Therefore, we examined the histomorphological differences of spermatic cords at both subinguinal and inguinal levels in this cadaveric study.

Anatomy and clinical significance of the trigeminocerebellar artery.

The trigeminocerebellar artery (TCA) is a unique branch of the basilar artery supplying both the trigeminal nerve root and the cerebellar hemisphere. In this study, we describe and demonstrate the microanatomy of the TCA in 45 brainstems and discuss the neurological, neuroradiological and neurosurgical significance. This is the largest series of cadavers in the literature.

A neurosurgical view of anatomical evaluation of anterior C1-C2 for safer transoral odontoidectomy.

An anatomical study for evaluation of anterior C1-C2. To provide essential anatomic data for safer transoral odontoidectomy. The surface dimensions of the atlas vertebra and the transoral approach for odontoidectomy have been described in detail.

A new technique for subscapularis muscle needle insertion.

Objective: To investigate a new technique for needle insertion into the subscapularis muscle for botulinum toxin injection, nerve block with phenol, and electromyography.

Design: A new technique, which we have termed the inferior approach, was delineated by cadaver study. In the first step of the study, the thickest part of the subscapularis muscle and the route for the accurate course of the needle were determined by an anatomist on eight cadavers (16 sides).

Medial and lateral malleolar arteries in ankle arthroscopy: a cadaver study.

Neurovascular injury may occur during ankle arthroscopy. The majority of complications are neurological injuries; however, vascular injuries do exist. Neurovascular structures are especially vulnerable during portal placement and debridement of anterior structures.

Innervation of three weight-bearing areas of the foot: an anatomic study and clinical implications.

The aim of this cadaver study is to improve our knowledge on the anatomy of the sensory fibres of the three weight-bearing areas of the plantar region. Previous studies mainly focused on the innervation of the heel but the innervation of the other two weight-bearing areas over the most medial and lateral metatarses have been neglected and are not well known. The study was carried out on 10 feet of five male cadavers.

A neurosurgical view of anatomical variations of the distal anterior cerebral artery: an anatomical study.

Object: The vascularization pattern of the anatomy of the distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) remains a subject of debate. The authors provide detailed information about the distal ACA and shed light on issues concerning it that have not previously been adequately discussed.

Methods: Fifty adult human brains (100 hemispheres) were obtained during routine autopsies.

Retropharyngeal space and lymph nodes: an anatomical guide for surgical dissection.

Identification of the alar fascia is the key part of surgical dissection of the retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs). In cases where mandibulotomy is not performed for the removal of the primary tumor and/or the posterior pharyngeal wall is not incised, the medial or lateral approaches described in this paper can be performed. Surgical dissection of the RPLNs may improve prognosis and locoregional control in oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal carcinomas.