Reasons for early readmission after percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery.

Introduction: Hospital readmissions are frequent and costly. In many countries health governors focus on unplanned postsurgical hospital readmissions as an objective metric for quality of care.

Aim: To investigate the rate of readmissions after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) operations, classify these factors, define the higher risk patients for readmission and develop prevention strategies.

Investigation of Copy Number Variation by arrayCGH in Turkish Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Aim: The development of whole-genome screening methodologies for the detection of copy number variations (CNVs), such as array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCHG), provides a much higher resolution than karyotyping leading to the identification of novel microdeletion and microduplication syndromes often associated with an autism spectrum disease (ASD) phenotype. The aim of the study was to determine CNVs of patients with ASD by using array-based comparative genomic hybridization.

Methods: Fifty-three patients diagnosed with ASD between 20.

A giant case of pyonephrosis resulting from nephrolithiasis.

Pyonephrosis is an uncommon disease that is associated with suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma in adults. Upper urinary tract infection and obstruction play a role in its etiology. Immunosuppression from medications (steroids), diseases (diabetes mellitus, AIDS), and anatomic variations (pelvic kidney, horseshoe kidney) may also be risk factors for pyonephrosis.

Single vs. double dartos interposition flaps in preventing urethrocutaneous fistula after tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in primary distal hypospadias: a prospective randomized study.

Introduction: This prospective study was designed to compare symmetrical overlapping double flaps with a single dartos flap in regard to fistula formation as an adjunct to tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU).

Patients And Methods: 77 consecutive children with primary coronal or subcoronal hypospadias were randomized into 2 groups. A single layer dartos flap was used to cover the anastomotic site in the first group (37 patients).

Prospective evaluation of the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis before cystoscopy.

Background: The aim of this study was to prospectively compare single-dose intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis vs. no prophylaxis before minor cystoscopic procedures, including punch biopsy and transurethral resection (TUR) of small bladder tumors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 200 patients with a mean age of 47.

High power diode laser vaporization of the prostate: preliminary results for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Purpose: Vaporization techniques using lasers have gained wide acceptance for benign prostatic hyperplasia as an alternative to transurethral prostate resection. The high power, 980 nm wavelength diode laser is a new promising alternative with a more rapid ablation rate and excellent hemostatic properties, as shown in ex vivo and in vivo animal models. We prospectively evaluated vaporization efficiency of the high power, 980 nm diode laser for bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Prospective assessment of the efficacy of single dose versus traditional 3-day antimicrobial prophylaxis in 12-core transrectal prostate biopsy.

Objectives: To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of single dose antibiotic prophylaxis in 12-core transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy.

Methods: A total of 400 patients who underwent prostate biopsy with TRUS guidance were included. The patients were prospectively randomized in three groups regarding antibiotic prophylaxis.

Combined periprostatic and intraprostatic local anesthesia for prostate biopsy: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized trial.

Purpose: Transrectal ultrasonography guided prostate biopsy is the principle procedure in the histological diagnosis of prostate cancer. Recently a trend toward increasing the number of cores has been popularized. This practice further increases the need for a proper anesthetic application.

Isolated congenital urethrocutaneous fistula.

Congenital urethrocutaneous fistula of the male urethra is an extremely rare anomaly that is commonly seen in association with anorectal malformations or chordee. A case of congenital urethrocutaneous fistula not associated with other congenital anomalies is reported, discussing possible etiologies and surgical management.

Short-term subjective efficacy of doxazosin in predicting probability of prostatectomy in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with severe symptoms.

Background: The severity of symptoms still constitutes the major indication for transurethral prostatectomy, despite the extensive utilization of medical treatments. The aim of the study presented here was to investigate the impact of doxazosin on symptoms in relation to the probability of consequent surgery in severely symptomatic patients.

Methods: Patients with an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) between 18 and 35 were included in the study.

Is midazolam effective as an antioxidant in preventing reperfusion injury in rat kidney?

This experimental study was designed to investigate whether midazolam has antioxidant effects in reperfused rat kidneys following ischemia. Twenty Wistar Albino rats were included in the study. Rats were anesthetized with the mixture of ketamine 90 mg/kg and xylazine 10 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally.