Single-Cell Measurements and Modeling and Computation of Decision-Making Errors in a Molecular Signaling System with Two Output Molecules.

A cell constantly receives signals and takes different fates accordingly. Given the uncertainty rendered by signal transduction noise, a cell may incorrectly perceive these signals. It may mistakenly behave as if there is a signal, although there is none, or may miss the presence of a signal that actually exists.

Early Detection of Risk of Neo-Sinus Blood Stasis Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Using Personalized Hemodynamic Analysis.

Background: Despite the demonstrated benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), subclinical leaflet thrombosis and hypoattenuated leaflet thickening are commonly seen as initial indications of decreased valve durability and augmented risk of transient ischemic attack.

Methods: We developed a multiscale patient-specific computational framework to quantify metrics of global circulatory function, metrics of global cardiac function, and local cardiac fluid dynamics of the aortic root and coronary arteries.

Results: Based on our findings, TAVR might be associated with a high risk of blood stagnation in the neo-sinus region due to the lack of sufficient blood flow washout during the diastole phase (e.

On the Fabrication of High-Performance Additively Manufactured Copper Winding Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

Due to its exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, pure copper is frequently employed in industry as the base metal for thermal management and electromagnetic applications. The growing need for complicated and efficient motor designs has recently accelerated the development of copper additive manufacturing (AM). The present work aims to improve the power density of the copper laser powder bed fusion (Cu-LPBF) coil by increasing the slot-filling factor (SFF) and the electrical conductivity.

Reducing Long-Term Mortality Post Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Requires Systemic Differentiation of Patient-Specific Coronary Hemodynamics.

Background Despite the proven benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and its recent expansion toward the whole risk spectrum, coronary artery disease is present in more than half of the candidates for TAVR. Many previous studies do not focus on the longer-term impact of TAVR on coronary arteries, and hemodynamic changes to the circulatory system in response to the anatomical changes caused by TAVR are not fully understood. Methods and Results We developed a multiscale patient-specific computational framework to examine the effect of TAVR on coronary and cardiac hemodynamics noninvasively.

Long-term prognostic impact of paravalvular leakage on coronary artery disease requires patient-specific quantification of hemodynamics.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a frequently used minimally invasive intervention for patient with aortic stenosis across a broad risk spectrum. While coronary artery disease (CAD) is present in approximately half of TAVR candidates, correlation of post-TAVR complications such as paravalvular leakage (PVL) or misalignment with CAD are not fully understood. For this purpose, we developed a multiscale computational framework based on a patient-specific lumped-parameter algorithm and a 3-D strongly-coupled fluid-structure interaction model to quantify metrics of global circulatory function, metrics of global cardiac function and local cardiac fluid dynamics in 6 patients.

A hybrid model to study how late long-term potentiation is affected by faulty molecules in an intraneuronal signaling network regulating transcription factor CREB.

Systems biology analysis of intracellular signaling networks has tremendously expanded our understanding of normal and diseased cell behaviors and has revealed paths to finding proper therapeutic molecular targets. When it comes to neurons in the human brain, analysis of intraneuronal signaling networks provides invaluable information on learning, memory and cognition-related disorders, as well as potential therapeutic targets. However, neurons in the human brain form a highly complex neural network that, among its many roles, is also responsible for learning, memory formation and cognition.

Process-Structure-Property Relationships of Copper Parts Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

The process-structure-property relationships of copper laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)-produced parts made of high purity copper powder (99.9 wt %) are examined in this work. A nominal laser beam diameter of 100 μm with a continuous wavelength of 1080 nm was employed.

Personalized intervention cardiology with transcatheter aortic valve replacement made possible with a non-invasive monitoring and diagnostic framework.

One of the most common acute and chronic cardiovascular disease conditions is aortic stenosis, a disease in which the aortic valve is damaged and can no longer function properly. Moreover, aortic stenosis commonly exists in combination with other conditions causing so many patients suffer from the most general and fundamentally challenging condition: complex valvular, ventricular and vascular disease (C3VD). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a new less invasive intervention and is a growing alternative for patients with aortic stenosis.

The thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase system: over-expression in human cancer.

Redox control has emerged as a fundamental biological control mechanism. One of the major redox control systems is the thioredoxin system comprised of thioredoxin (TRX) and thioredoxin reductase (TR). Together they form a powerful system involved in many central intracellular and extracellular processes including cell proliferation, the redox regulation of gene expression and signal transduction, protection against oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic functions, growth factor and co-cytokine effects, and regulation of the redox state of the extracellular environment.