Scoring for Life: The Legacy of Virginia Apgar in Neonatal Medicine.

Dr. Virginia Apgar was a pioneering figure in obstetric anesthesiology and neonatology, breaking significant barriers in the medical field. She developed a standardized method for assessing the health of newborns, which has become a global standard and continues to be widely used even today.

Prolonged School Closure and Pediatric Respiratory Hospitalization: The Silver Lining of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This is a single-center retrospective cohort study that aimed to quantitatively assess the association between prolonged school closure (>2 weeks) and pediatric respiratory hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects included 1243 patients presenting to Children's Hospital of Michigan during the winters of 2019, 2020, and 2021. The primary outcome measures were total respiratory hospitalizations and respiratory diagnoses.

Effects of continuous prenatal and postnatal global system for mobile communications electromagnetic waves (GSM-EMW) exposure on the oxidative stress biomarkers in female rat liver.

In light of the increased use of communication technologies, the harm caused by continuous exposure to emitted radiation on pregnancy and developing newborns is among the public concerns. Using Sprague-Dawley rats, our study investigates the effects of 24 h/day prenatal and postnatal 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) exposure of female rats on liver oxidative stress (OS) and other hepatic parameters at postnatal days (PND) 1, 9, and 21. Our results showed that RF-EMR exposure led to an increase in oxidative stress status as indicated by a significant elevation in MDA level at PND9 and PND21, a decrease in catalase (CAT) activity at all ages, a reduction (PND1 and PND9) in catalase amounts and mRNA expression, in addition to a decrease in GPx activity at PND21 in the exposed group.

Adherence to Referral Criteria for Burn Patients; a Systematic Review.

Introduction: Burn injuries are under-appreciated trauma, associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. It is necessary to refer patients in need of specialized care to more specialized centers for treatment and rehabilitation of burn injuries. This systematic review aimed to assess the adherence to referral criteria for burn patients.

Genotypes and prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The molecular epidemiology of resistance of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important in the study of multidrug-resistant bacteria. We evaluate the prevalence of the different mechanisms of CRE in a hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Carbapenem non-susceptible isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested by real-time PCR for the detection of genes responsible for beta-lactam resistance.

Repressive effect of Rhus coriaria L. fruit extracts on microglial cells-mediated inflammatory and oxidative stress responses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rhus coriaria L. represents a herbal shrub that is used widely in traditional medicine in the Middle East region to treat different diseases including inflammation-related disorders. R.

Influenza vaccine acceptance by healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia: A questionnaire-based analysis.

The aim of this study was to gauge the reasons for accepting or declining influenza vaccine in healthcare staff in Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was administered to healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia. In all, 633 respondents who provided gender, nationality and profession were included.

Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile-associated disease: Epidemiology among patients in a general hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) is an important health care-associated infection with variable incidence and prevalence across the globe. There are limited data from Saudi Arabia on the epidemiology of C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).

The impact of the coexistence of mycobacterium avium with mycobacterium tuberculosis on the result of GeneXpert and MGIT susceptibility test.

Rapid tests to diagnose tuberculosis relies on molecular detection of the M. tuberculosis. GeneXpert MTB/RIF test identifies M.

Antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative bacteria: A six-year longitudinal study in a hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is a major concern especially in light of lack of new antimicrobial agents. Here, we present antibiotic resistance pattern of gram-negative bacteria (GNB) over six years (2013-2018) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: The study included a report of the cumulative antibiogram of GNB.

When to Remove the Indwelling Catheter After Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy? CARESS (CAtheter REmoval after Sacrocolpopexy Surgery).

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the best practice guidelines regarding the use of indwelling catheters after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.

Methods: Multicenter (3 sites) randomized control trial comparing the standard overnight indwelling urethral catheterization (group 2) with removal of catheter immediately after surgery (group 1). Our primary outcome is the need for recatheterization.

Overview of hepatitis C infection, molecular biology, and new treatment.

The World Health Organization estimates that 71 million people worldwide have chronic hepatitis C viral infection. A major challenge is overall lack of public awareness of hepatitis C, particularly among infected people of their infection status. Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with advanced liver disease, is the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma and causes many extra-hepatic manifestations.

Microbiology of Elizabethkingia spp. isolates in hospitalized patients.

An increasing number of infections due to Elisabethkingia spp. have been observed and reported in recent years. Here we report the microbiological aspects of 13 cases with positive cultures for Elizabethkingia spp.

Treatment patterns of primary care physicians specialists prior to subspecialty urogynaecology referral for women suffering from pelvic floor disorders.

Background: There are approximately 25% of women in the United States suffering from pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) and this number is predicted to rise. The potential complications and increasing healthcare costs that exist with an operation indicate the importance of conservative treatment options prior to attempting surgery. Considering the prevalence of PFDs, it is important for primary care physician and specialists (obstetricians and gynecologists) to be familiar with the initial work-up and the available conservative treatment options prior to subspecialist (urogynecologist) referral.

Role of adiponectin in ovarian follicular development and ovarian reserve.

Adiponectin levels are associated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and kisspeptin levels in non-ovarian tissues. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between adiponectin and the genes important for ovarian follicular development and ovarian reserve, specifically AMH and kisspeptin, and their corresponding receptors. In the first experiment, the mRNA levels of anti-Müllerian hormone () and its receptor (), as well as those of kisspeptin () and its receptor (), were quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis in the ovaries of two groups of mice [adiponectin-knockout (KO) vs.

The effectiveness of antibacterial curtains in comparison with standard privacy curtains against transmission of microorganisms in a hospital setting.

Studies have shown a correlation between a cleaner patient environment and lower infection rates and reduced risk of transmission. Privacy curtains are potentially important sites of bacterial contamination in hospitals. Privacy curtains integrated with antimicrobial properties have been shown to increase the time to first contamination compared with standard privacy curtains.

Anatomical Outcomes Based on Suturing Technique During Vaginal Mesh Attachment in Robotic Sacrocolpopexy.

Objectives: In this study, we assessed the difference in anatomical outcomes using the barbed, self-anchoring, delayed absorbable suture when compared with the traditional knot-tying interrupted suture technique during vaginal mesh attachment in robotic sacrocolpopexy. In addition, we compared the rates of mesh erosion with the 2 techniques.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 131 women who underwent minimally invasive robotic sacrocolpopexy at 2 sites.

Infection in a Kidney Transplant Recipient Successfully Treated with Voriconazole.

infections in solid-organ transplant recipients are rare and carry high mortality. We report a case of a kidney transplant recipient who developed infection with species. The patient received treatment with oral voriconazole for five months with good response.

Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 epidemiology in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: The influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus caused a worldwide pandemic in 2009-2010 and has since remained in seasonal circulation. This study was conducted to determine any variations in the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 status according to sex, age group, sample type, or location within the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Samples from 749 patients with suspected Middle East respiratory coronavirus who presented to Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare facilities in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia were tested reflexively for influenza A/H1N1 2009 by the Ministry of Health using the RealTime ready Influenza A/H1N1 Detection Set for real-time PCR.

Comparison of Cepheid® Xpert Flu and Roche RealTime Ready Influenza A/H1N1 Detection Set for detection of influenza A/H1N1.

Objective: To compare two influenza polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.

Methods: A total of 749 suspected MERS-CoV patients presenting at Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Arabia, each submitted a clinical sample for influenza A reflex testing using the on-site Cepheid® Xpert Flu assay and at the Ministry of Health laboratory by the Roche PCR assay.

Results: There was 92.

Antibiotic Based Phenotype and Hospital Admission Profile are the Most Likely Predictors of Genotyping Classification of MRSA.

Background: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infection is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and financial burdens. Phenotyping methods are used to classify MRSA as either health care MRSA (HA-MRSA) or community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). Recent studies suggested the phenotyping methods are not always reliable, based on a lack of concordance with genotyping results.

Wavelet-based information filtering for fault diagnosis of electric drive systems in electric ships.

Electric machines and drives have enjoyed extensive applications in the field of electric vehicles (e.g., electric ships, boats, cars, and underwater vessels) due to their ease of scalability and wide range of operating conditions.