Bihemispheric developmental alterations in basal ganglia volumes following unilateral perinatal stroke.

Introduction: Perinatal stroke affects millions of children and results in lifelong disability. Two forms prevail: arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), and periventricular venous infarction (PVI). With such focal damage early in life, neural structures may reorganize during development to determine clinical function, particularly in the contralesional hemisphere.

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhanced Motor Learning on Robotic Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Motor Maps in Children.

Conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) may improve motor learning in children. Mechanisms are not understood. Neuronavigated robotic transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can produce individualised maps of primary motor cortex (M1) topography.