Buckling forces and the wavy folds between pleural epithelial cells.

Cell shapes in tissues are affected by the biophysical interaction between cells. Tissue forces can influence specific cell features such as cell geometry and cell surface area. Here, we examined the 2-dimensional shape, size, and perimeter of pleural epithelial cells at various lung volumes.

Evolving topological order in the postnatal visceral pleura.

Background: Changes in epithelial cell shape reflects optimal cell packing and the minimization of surface free energy, but also cell-cell interactions, cell proliferation, and cytoskeletal rearrangements.

Results: Here, we studied the structure of the rat pleura in the first 15 days after birth. After pleural isolation and image segmentation, the analysis demonstrated a progression of epithelial order from postnatal day 1 (P1) to P15.

Gallbladder primary well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor: A misdiagnosed case.

Introduction: Gallbladder (GB) Well-Differentiated (WD) Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) are extremely rare tumors. They represent only about 0.5 % of all Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs).

Value and limitations of postoperative duplex scans after endovenous thermal ablation.

Background: Endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA) of the lower extremity veins has risen to become the main treatment modality for symptomatic venous reflux disease. One of the main reported side effects of EVTA is recanalization. As of today, there is no clear protocol as to when follow-up duplex ultrasound scans should be performed.

Risk factors associated with the reported scores on the symptoms severity and functional limitations scales of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire: a cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. It presents with numbness, paresthesias, and pain. Multiple risk factors are associated with CTS, such as pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and diabetes mellitus (DM).

A fortuitous discovery of a neurofibroma in a female patient with type 1 neurofibromatosis: a case report.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous condition with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. This congenital disease is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and degree of severity. This case report describes a female patient in her early 20s who presented with a complaint of lumbosciatica-like pain evolving for several months.

Co-Existence of An Unusual Branching Pattern of Celiacomesenteric Trunk With Complete Common Mesentery in a 48-Year-Old Man: A Case Report.

Celiacomesenteric trunk (CMT) refers to the common origin of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery which is a very rare anatomical variation. CMT is incidentally diagnosed during angiography or abdominal computed tomography scanning. The diagnosis of CMT may inform surgical practice and prevent damage during invasive radiologic procedures, lowering thus the rate of iatrogenic errors.

Disparities in Decompressive Cranial Surgery Utilization in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients without a Primary Extra-Axial Hematoma: A U.S. Nationwide Study.

Objective: Decompressive craniectomy is recommended to reduce mortality in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Disparities exist in TBI treatment outcomes; however, data on disparities pertaining to decompressive craniectomy utilization is lacking. We investigated these disparities, focusing on race, insurance, sex, and age.

Venous Thromboembolism Risk and Outcomes Following Decompressive Craniectomy in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The risk of VTE after decompressive craniectomy (DC) and its effects on the outcomes are unknown. We assessed the incidence of VTE, associated risk factors, and effects on the outcomes.

Mechanical thrombectomy of symptomatic carotid stenosis with free-floating thrombus in a patient with COVID-19 using transcarotid artery revascularization.

Carotid stenosis with free-floating thrombus is associated with ipsilateral neurologic deficits as a result of cerebrovascular accident or ischemic stroke. Arterial thrombosis and thrombus instability have shown an association with coronavirus disease 2019. Immediate evaluation is essential to assess and prevent thrombus propagation.

Surgical management of giant hepatic hemangioma: A 10-year single center experience.

Background: Hepatic hemangiomas are the most typical benign mesenchymal lesions of the liver. Most of these lesions are asymptomatic. Giant hepatic hemangiomas (GHH) (>10 cm) are often symptomatic and require surgical intervention.

Diverticular disease of the small bowel: a rare cause of the duodenojejunal flexure obstruction (a case report).

The small bowel is the least common site for diverticula in the entire gastrointestinal tract. Chronic upper intestinal obstruction due to diverticula is very rare. We report a case of multiple small bowel diverticula causing mechanical obstruction of the duodenojejunal flexure.

[Left paraduodenal hernia: a rare cause of acute intestinal obstruction].

Left paraduodenal hernia is a congenital internal hernia rarely complicated by acute intestinal occlusion and resulting, sometimes, in life-threatening loops ischemia. We report the case of a 28-year old man treated for occlusive syndrome. Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan objectified acute upper intestinal obstruction; intraoperative exploration found jejunal loops incarcerated into left paraduodenal hernia.

Sepsis in surgical inpatients: under-recognised but with significant consequences.

Background: The true incidence of sepsis in surgical cohorts in Ireland remains unclear. According to inpatient audits, patients in surgical diagnostic groups (DRG) who developed sepsis had a longer length of stay and higher mortality rate compared with medical DRG patients who developed sepsis.

Aims: We investigated sepsis incidence on a general surgical ward to identify risk factors and strategies to improve management.

Clinical Predictors of Neurotoxicity After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy.

Importance: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for relapsed or refractory hematologic malignant neoplasm causes severe neurologic adverse events ranging from encephalopathy and aphasia to cerebral edema and death. The cause of neurotoxicity is incompletely understood, and its unpredictability is a reason for prolonged hospitalization after CAR T-cell infusion.

Objective: To identify clinical and laboratory parameters predictive of neurotoxicity and to develop a prognostic score associated with its risk.

Isolated hepatic tuberculosis presenting as hydatid cyst.

Primary hepatic tuberculosis is a rare manifestation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis even in highly endemic countries. The incidence of hepatic tuberculosis has increased in the recent years due to high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Radiological imaging is an important tool for making the diagnosis, but often the imaging findings are non-specific and may mimic other benign or malignant hepatic diseases.

Factors predicting recurrence after curative resection for rectal cancer: a 16-year study.

Background: The recurrence after curative surgery of the rectal adenocarcinoma is a serious complication, considered as a failure of the therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to identify the different prognostic factors affecting the recurrence of adenocarcinoma of the rectum.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients operated for adenocarcinoma of the rectum between January 2000 and December 2015 was conducted.

Appendicular endometriosis: A case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Patients with appendicular endometriosis (AE) constitute <1% cases of all pelvic endometriosis cases. AE presents with pain in right iliac fossa and symptomatically mimics appendicitis and definitive diagnosis is possible only after histopathological examination of excised appendix.

Presentation Of Case: In this case report, we present a rare case of appendicular endometriosis in a young woman suffering from pain in right iliac fossa and periumbilical region (on/off) for the past one year.

Gallbladder volvulus: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Gallbladder volvulus (GV) is a rare disease with less than 400 cases reported in the English literature. The pre-operative diagnosis of GV is difficult as none of the imaging modalities are accurate. Once diagnosed, the mainstay of treatment is emergency surgical derotation and cholecystectomy.

Idiopathic segmental infarction of the omentum mimicking acute appendicitis: A case report.

Introduction: Omentum is a well vascularized organ. Omentum infarction is uncommon. Most of the cases are secondary due to torsion, intra-abdominal infections and vascular thrombosis.

Neurological toxicities associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy has become an important tool in the treatment of relapsed and refractory malignancy; however, it is associated with significant neurological toxicity. We characterized the neurological toxicity associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in a consecutive series of 100 patients up to 2 months post transfusion, 28 of whom were obtained from chart review and the others by prospective observation. The underlying neoplasms were lymphoma (74%), myeloma (14%), leukaemia (10%), and sarcoma (2%).

Isolated Roux loop pancreaticojejunostomy versus conventional pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A case-control study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative outcomes of isolated Roux loop pancreaticojejunostomy (IPJ) and conventional pancreaticojejunostomy (CPJ) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: Data of patients who underwent IPJ were compared with those of a pair-matched equal number of patients undergoing CPJ. The matching was performed according to age, gender, nature of the lesion indicating PD and the texture of the pancreas.