Advancements in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in the Radiological Detection of Pulmonary Embolism.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a clinically challenging diagnosis that varies from silent to life-threatening symptoms. Timely diagnosis of the condition is subject to clinical assessment, D-dimer testing and radiological imaging. Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) is considered the gold standard imaging modality, although some cases can be missed due to reader dependency, resulting in adverse patient outcomes.

Co(II)-Based 2D Coordination Polymer Featuring Energy Storage and Detection of Aqueous Inorganic Anions.

Herein, we have synthesized a Co(II)-based 2D coordination polymer [Co(5-AIA)(Imidazole)] () (AIA = 5-aminoisophthalic acid) via a solvothermal approach. SCXRD (single-crystal X-ray diffraction) was utilized to analyze the crystal structure of fabricated . Moreover, PXRD, TGA, FTIR, and SEM analyses were done to identify the structural features of fabricated .

Bioprospecting hydroxylated chalcones in model of ischemia-reoxygenation and probing NOX4 interactions via molecular docking.

Ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in conditions like kidney transplants, cardiac surgeries, and nephrectomy, contributing to high global mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to analyze the protective effects of 2'-hydroxychalcones in treating I/R-induced AKI by targeting key pathological pathways. Considering strong antioxidant action along with other pharmacological roles of chalcone derivatives, six 2'-hydroxychalcones were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation and analyzed for their protective effects in an I/R induced AKI model using HK-2 cells.

Barley a nutritional powerhouse for gut health and chronic disease defense.

Background: Digestive issues are recognized as significant contributors to various chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Barley, a traditional grain, offers considerable promise in addressing these health challenges due to unique nutritional and bioactive compounds.

Objective: This review examines the therapeutic potential of various parts of barley, underutilized resource, for chronic disease prevention and management.

Omics-Driven Strategies for Developing Saline-Smart Lentils: A Comprehensive Review.

A number of consequences of climate change, notably salinity, put global food security at risk by impacting the development and production of lentils. Salinity-induced stress alters lentil genetics, resulting in severe developmental issues and eventual phenotypic damage. Lentils have evolved sophisticated signaling networks to combat salinity stress.

Functional metal-organic frameworks derived electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage: a review.

Pristine metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are built through self-assembly of electron rich organic linkers and electron deficient metal nodes coordinate bond. Due to the unique properties of MOFs like highly tunable frameworks, huge specific surface areas, flexible chemical composition, flexible structures and a large volume of pores, they are being used to design the electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. As per the literature, MOFs (including manganese, nickel, copper, and cobalt-based zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), University of Oslo (UiO) MOFs, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) MOFs and isoreticular MOFs (IRMOFs)) have attracted much attention in the field of supercapacitors (SCs)/batteries.

Sources, transmission and hospital-associated outbreaks of nontuberculous mycobacteria: a review.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widespread environmental organisms found in both natural and man-made settings, such as building plumbing, water distribution networks and hospital water systems. Their ubiquitous presence increases the risk of transmission, leading to a wide range of human infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. NTM primarily spreads through environmental exposures, such as inhaling aerosolized particles, ingesting contaminated food and introducing it into wounds.

In Silico Prediction of New Inhibitors for Kirsten Rat Sarcoma G12D Cancer Drug Target Using Machine Learning-Based Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamic Simulation Approaches.

Single-point mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) viral proto-oncogene are the most common cause of human cancer. In humans, oncogenic KRAS mutations are responsible for about 30% of lung, pancreatic, and colon cancers. One of the predominant mutant KRAS G12D variants is responsible for pancreatic cancer and is an attractive drug target.

Genome-wide association studies identifies genetic loci related to fatty acid and branched-chain amino acid metabolism and histone modifications under varying nitrogen treatments in safflower ().

Effective identification and usage of genetic variation are prerequisites for developing nutrient-efficient cultivars. A collection of 94 safflower (Carthamus tinctorius ) genotypes (G) was investigated for important morphological and photosynthetic traits at four nitrogen (N) treatments. We found significant variation for all the studied traits except chlorophyll b (chl b ) among safflower genotypes, nitrogen treatments and G×N interaction.

Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) challenge the integrity of blood brain barrier: Evidence from protein structural analysis.

Studies on nonhuman primates, wild-type and transgenic mice have shown the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA components in the brains. Despite the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) provides protection there are less evidences on how the SARS-CoV-2 crosses the BBB. Given that there is an increase of Omicron reinfection rates, transmissibility rate and involvement to cause neurological dysfunctions, we hypothesized to investigate how the Omicron variant (B.

Outcomes of patients with elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure on echocardiography due to chronic lung diseases.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased mortality, and lung diseases are the second most common cause of pulmonary hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of echocardiography in low-middle income countries where right heart catheterization is difficult to perform.

Methods: This retrospective chart review study included adult patients hospitalized from June 2012 to May 2021, with a pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) of ≥35 mmHg on echocardiography.

Trypanocidal potential of synthetic p-aminochalcones: In silico and in vitro evaluation.

Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease of worldwide health concern, caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), endemic in Latin America and present in North America and Europe. The WHO recommended drug for CD, benznidazole has low safety profile and several limitations.

Perceptions of Obstetrics/Gynecology Surgeons on Non-medically Indicated Cesarean Sections: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Numerous factors can influence decisions regarding the type of delivery of human babies. There is an increasing demand for non-medically indicated cesarean sections (CS) (non-miCS) or CS on request (CSor). Therefore, this survey study aimed to identify the factors that may foster the decision of CS among obstetricians.

Bifunctional Cu(II)-based 2D coordination polymer and its composite for high-performance photocatalysis and electrochemical energy storage.

Coordination polymers (CPs) have been widely proven as sacrificial electrode materials for energy storage applications because of their high porosity, specific surface area and tunable structural topology. In this work, a new 2D Cu(II)-based CP, formulated as [Cu(btc)(μ-Cl)(HO)] (CP-1) (Hbtc = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid), fabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and its composite (CuO@CP-1) were successfully synthesized using solvothermal, precipitation and mechanochemical grinding approaches. Single-crystal X-ray analysis authenticated a two-dimensional (2D) layered network of CP-1.

Understanding community level influences on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in England: new insights from comparison over time and space.

Understanding and monitoring the major influences on SARS-CoV-2 prevalence is essential to inform policy making and devise appropriate packages of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Through evaluating community level influences on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and their spatio-temporal variations in England, this study aims to provide some insights into the most important risk parameters. We used spatial clusters developed in Jahanshahi and Jin (2021 , 1329-1359 (doi:10.

Investigation of CeO nanoparticles on the performance enhancement of InsulatingOils.

Integrating nanotechnology in dielectric fluid significantly inhibits losses and boosts overall dielectric fluid performance. There has been research done on the effects of introducing various nanoparticles, such as titania, alumina, silica nanodiamonds, etc. In this paper, a novel nanoparticle, Ceria (CeO), has been used, and its properties were examined using the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrum, the XRD (X-ray Diffraction) spectrum, the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), and the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy).

Suppression of human lysozyme aggregation by a novel copper-based complex of 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid.

In this work, a new Cu(II)-based complex as a chemotherapeutic drug agent, formulated as[Cu(DCA)(HO)]⋅4HO⋅4MeOH, (DCA = 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid), namely was successfully synthesized utilizing DCA as a ligand to arrest fibrillation in Human lysozyme. The was thoroughly characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), spectroscopic (UV-Vis and FTIR) techniques, PXRD, and TGA analysis. Its crystal structure reveals a paddle wheel network around central copper metal ions.

A 3D copper (II) coordination polymer based on sulfanilic acid ligand (CP 1) for efficient biomolecular interaction with bovine serum albumin: spectroscopic, molecular modelling and DFT analysis.

Several biochemical reactions occur during the interaction of metal complexes and proteins due to conformational modifications in the structure of the protein, which provide fundamental knowledge of the effect, mechanism, and transport of many drugs throughout the body. Here, we report the synthesis, identification, and impact of the 3-dimensional Copper(II)sulfanilic acid coordination polymer (CP 1) on interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The CP 1 was synthesized a simple hot stirring method, and the single crystal XRD confirms the effective bonding interactions between metal and organic ligand, forming a crystalline polymeric chain and the topological study shows the sql type of underlying net topology.

Thiadiazine thione derivatives as anti-leishmanial agents: synthesis, biological evaluation, structure activity relationship, ADMET, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies.

During last decades, 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro--thiadiazine-2-thione scaffold remains the center of interest due to their ease of preparation, diverse range substituents at N-3 and N-5 positions, and profound biological activities. In the current study, a series of 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro--thiadiazine-2-thiones were synthesized in good to excellent yield, and the structure of the compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, H-NMR, C-NMR and Mass spectrometry, and finally evaluated against . Whereas, all the evaluated compounds (1-33), demonstrate potential leishmanicidal activities with IC values in the range of (1.

Enhancement of paediatric oncology pharmacy practices in a low-middle-income country through teaching and training using the My Child Matters Grant.

The development of a successful oncology pharmacy system includes competency training, cost-efficient procurement, proper storage, preparation and administration of chemotherapy, and appropriate waste disposal. Low-middle-income countries such as Pakistan face several challenges within the realm of oncology pharmacy such as the unavailability of training programmes, resources and financial support, and inconsistencies in the safe handling of cytotoxic drugs. The Indus Hospital and Health Network (IHHN) is among the pioneers of oncology pharmacy practices in Pakistan, with a well-established Oncology Pharmacy Team and chemotherapy preparation in accordance with the United States Pharmacopeia 797 and 800 safety guidelines.