Publications by authors named "Ali Ansari"

Brain swelling after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can elevate intracranial pressure, necessitating Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) as the preferred surgical intervention. This study aimed to analyze a large institutional database to identify clinical characteristics of patients requiring primary DC and their outcomes. We reviewed TBI patients admitted to our center from 2015 to 2021, utilizing a prospectively maintained registry.

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Hodgkin's lymphoma is a malignancy of the lymphatic system that can rarely present with advanced-stage features such as spinal cord involvement and hypercalcemia. We present the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian male with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma, presenting with hypercalcemia and symptoms resembling normal pressure hydrocephalus. The patient exhibited gait impairment, altered mental status, and urinary incontinence, forming the classic triad seen in normal pressure hydrocephalus.

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  • - Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer that starts from the mesothelial cells in the abdominal cavity, typically leading to poor outcomes.
  • - A case study of a 79-year-old man revealed his worsening abdominal pain and ascites, alongside a significant smoking history and occupational exposure as a plumber, but no prior asbestosis diagnosis.
  • - Diagnostic imaging and histopathological tests confirmed MPM, emphasizing the need to consider this cancer in patients with ascites and histories of potential asbestos exposure during occupational activities.
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  • The greater palatine canal (GPC) is crucial for accessing the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, but anatomical variations can complicate surgeries in this area, necessitating a clear understanding of both normal and anomalous anatomy.
  • This study aims to investigate the GPC's bony structure in 30 dried skull specimens to identify anatomical variations and improve existing knowledge, which is often inconsistent and lacks detail.
  • By systematically documenting these variations, the research seeks to enhance clinical understanding, minimize surgical complications, and emphasize the importance of further studies in this area.
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Kaposi sarcoma (KS) represents a neoplastic proliferation primarily affecting endothelial cells, characterized by the development of cutaneous lesions. However, its pathogenesis can extend beyond the skin, involving internal organs, lymph nodes, and mucous membranes. KS is associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and is often prevalent in immunocompromised patients, especially those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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  • A retrospective study analyzed the outcomes of ad-hoc versus planned percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 3,179 patients with coronary ectasia, revealing significant differences in health outcomes between the two groups.
  • The ad-hoc PCI group had higher rates of comorbidities and lower success rates compared to the planned PCI group, which also showed significantly fewer major adverse cardiovascular events.
  • Key predictors of mortality included older age, male gender, and specific health conditions, with coronary ectasia itself also identified as a significant predictor of mortality.*
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  • - Polymethyl methacrylate, or bone cement, is commonly used in surgeries for its strong adhesive qualities but can sometimes lead to complications like extrusion, which poses health risks.
  • - An 86-year-old woman with several health issues presented with severe symptoms and was found to have bone cement extruding into her bladder after hip surgery, causing hydronephrosis and a urinary tract infection.
  • - This case emphasizes the need for awareness of potential complications from hip replacement surgeries, even if they are typically asymptomatic in some patients.
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Thymomas are rare tumors originating from thymic tissue, often associated with various paraneoplastic syndromes that can pose significant clinical management challenges. Myasthenia gravis, one of the most common paraneoplastic syndromes linked to thymomas, is characterized by autoantibodies targeting the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness exacerbated by repetitive use. Good's syndrome, an adult-onset immunodeficiency associated with thymomas, results in hypogammaglobulinemia and susceptibility to opportunistic infections, which can be life-threatening.

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  • Cholangiocarcinomas are aggressive bile duct cancers that can cause symptoms like jaundice, abdominal pain, and weight loss, and they are categorized based on their location (intrahepatic, perihilar, distal).
  • The case presented involves a 49-year-old man who initially displayed symptoms of jaundice and fatigue, but his serious condition was masked by a history of obesity and surgery, eventually diagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with hepatorenal syndrome.
  • This instance underscores the need for thorough diagnostics in patients with jaundice and non-specific symptoms, emphasizing the rising incidence of cholangiocarcinoma and the importance of early diagnosis for better treatment outcomes.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant global health burden, characterized by progressive airflow limitation and exacerbations that significantly impact patient morbidity and mortality. Recent research has investigated the interplay between the gut and the lungs, known as the gut-lung axis, highlighting the role of the gut microbiome in COPD pathogenesis. Dysbiosis, characterized by microbial imbalance, has implications for COPD, influencing disease progression and susceptibility to exacerbations.

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  • - The study investigates the factors affecting the long-term success of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus, focusing on clinical and radiological data from patients under 18 who underwent the procedure between March 2014 and May 2021.
  • - Key findings reveal that 12.2% of patients experienced ETV failure within 6 months, increasing to 22.4% by 1 year, with critical predictors identified as the maximum diameter of the cortical subarachnoid space (CSAS) and the pulsatility index (PI).
  • - The analysis indicates that a smaller CSAS diameter correlates with a higher chance of failure within 6 months, while a lower
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The congenital anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (AORCA) with an incongruous course is a rare malformation that can manifest as exertional chest pain, syncope, arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. We present a case of a 42-year-old male with a history of hypercholesterolemia who presented with chest pain and dizziness upon exertion for two weeks. The physical examination was unremarkable, and the patient was hemodynamically stable.

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  • Chest pain can stem from various causes, ranging from minor issues to severe cardiovascular problems, making its evaluation crucial, especially in cases like myocardial infarction.
  • The case discusses a 64-year-old male with a history of heart disease who experienced persistent chest pain after cardiac procedures, indicating potential complications.
  • Despite treatment efforts such as nitroglycerin, PCI, and further interventions, the patient deteriorated, revealing additional health issues and highlighting the complexities of diagnosing related conditions.
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Introduction: The efficiency of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles for environmental decontamination is limited by their reliance on ultraviolet (UV) light and rapid charge carrier recombination. Carbon doping has been proposed to address these challenges by potentially enhancing visible light absorption and charge separation.

Objectives: This study aims to introduce a novel, single-step synthesis method for carbon-doped ZnO (C-Z) nanoparticles, leveraging the decomposition of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and furfural under a nitrogen atmosphere to improve photocatalytic activity under visible light.

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When treating orthopaedic damage or illness and accidental fracture, bone grafting remains the gold standard of treatment. In cases where this approach does not seem achievable, bone tissue engineering can offer scaffolding as a substitute. Defective and fractured bone tissue is extracted and substituted with porous scaffold structures to aid in the process of tissue regeneration.

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Background: Vitamin B12 is primarily transported from plasma to cells by Transcobalamin. Deficiency of Transcobalamin is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in unavailability of cobalamin in cells and accumulation of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid.

Case Report: We report a case of a 2-year-old male child with persistent pancytopenia, recurrent infections, and megaloblastic anemia.

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  • - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked to significant physical disabilities, and this study focused on factors that affect recovery in patients discharged with poor outcomes post-TBI.
  • - Data was gathered on TBI patients, showing that 51% of those with severe TBI and 57% of those with mild to moderate TBI achieved better functional status after 6 months.
  • - Key findings indicated that older age, shorter ICU stays, and certain injuries like skull base fractures were associated with improved recovery, suggesting that evaluating discharge outcomes could help identify patients likely to benefit from recovery support.
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Coagulopathy development in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the significant complications that can negatively affect the clinical course and outcome of TBI patients. Timely identification of this complication is of utmost importance in the acute clinical setting. We reviewed TBI patients admitted to our trauma center from 2015 to 2021.

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Introduction: ß-Thalassemia, a genetic condition which influences both the physical and emotional facets of individuals specially females while also exerting substantial financial strain on families and healthcare systems. Recognizing the pivotal influence of social support, particularly on mental well-being, this study endeavors to delve into the shared psychosocial challenges experienced by females grappling with ß-thalassemia major.

Methods: Employing a qualitative-descriptive methodology and purposive sampling, this study conducted in-depth interviews with forty-two young girls, 18.

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  • A 57-year-old African-American male faced urinary retention due to balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) and penile cancer, which complicated his situation and led to frequent hospital visits.
  • *BXO is a progressive condition that causes inflammation and scarring of the male genital area, leading to various complications like urinary issues and an increased risk of cancer.
  • *Treatment involved placing a Foley catheter, dilating strictures, and managing pain, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and intervention to prevent further complications.
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Thyroid storm is a rare yet critical complication of uncontrolled thyrotoxicosis, posing significant challenges in clinical management. We present the case of a 65-year-old African-American female with a medical history significant for untreated Graves' disease, hypertension, and diverticulosis, who presented with escalating abdominal pain, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and chest discomfort. Upon admission, she exhibited atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (RVR) and newly diagnosed high-output cardiac failure.

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Placental abruption is a serious medical condition that can occur during pregnancy, involving the premature separation of the placenta from the inner uterine wall before childbirth. This detachment often leads to severe bleeding, and if conventional methods prove ineffective in managing the bleeding, a hysterectomy may be deemed necessary to ensure the mother's safety. This case report details the management of a 22-year-old female, gravida IV, para III, who experienced placental abruption during her fourth pregnancy.

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