Sequential radiation exposure: uncovering the potential of low dose ionizing radiation in mitigating high dose effects on immune cells.

Purpose: The radioadaptive response refers to a phenomenon wherein exposure to a low dose of ionizing radiation (LDIR) can induce a protective response in cells or organisms, reducing the adverse effects of a subsequent higher dose of ionizing radiation (HDIR). However, it is possible to administer the low dose after the challenge dose. This study was conducted to determine the potential mitigating effect of LDIR administered after HDIR on mice immune cells.

Eugenol: A New Option in Combination Therapy with Sorafenib for the Treatment of Undifferentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Thyroidectomy and radiotherapy are common treatment modalities for patients with undifferentiated TC (UTC), and sorafenib is usually recommended to prevent a recurrence. However, malignant cells may evade chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, and combination therapy was developed to achieve better outcomes.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Before or After Radioiodine Ablation.

Background: Thyroid cancer and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation for postsurgical management may lead to uncontrolled inflammation.

Objective: This study was intended to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic immunomodulatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Methods: A total of 85 patients with DTC were allocated into two groups based on RAI dosage after thyroidectomy.

PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and soluble PD-L1 serum levels in patients with breast cancer: TNBC versus TPBC.

Background: Block of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) interaction with its ligand, PD-L1, enhances anti-tumor activity.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the association between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs) as well as soluble (s)PD-L1 serum levels in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to triple positive (TPBC).

Methods: A total of 113 tumor sections and 133 serum samples were available from 144 patients with breast cancer (72 TNBC and 72 TPBC).

Association of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes with acute myelogenous leukaemia.

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are important because of their key roles in NK cell development and function. Some KIR genes have been associated with the incidence of haematological malignancies. This study was designed to determine whether the inheritance of specific KIR genes is associated with susceptibility to acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) in Persians living in south-western Iran.

Impact of donor KIRs and recipient KIR/HLA class I combinations on GVHD in patients with acute leukemia after HLA-matched sibling HSCT.

In addition to T cells, NK cells can also participate in the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) mainly through the interaction between donor killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. There is a risk of GVHD other than leukemia relapse after allogeneic HSCT that activation of donor NK cells in the absence of appropriate inhibitory ligands will be one of the reasons. To investigate the impact of donor KIRs and recipient KIR/HLA class I combinations on GVHD and leukemia relapse in patients with acute leukemia after HSCT, 100 patients with acute leukemia who received HSCT from their HLA-matched siblings were included in this study.