Impact of fresh grape juice on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole: results of a food-drug interaction study.

Grapes have been widely used for dietary ailments due to their attributed pharmacological activities. Resveratrol, the chief constituent of grapes, is responsible for their pharmacological benefits. However, apart from their beneficial effects, grapes have also recently been considered in drug interaction studies.

Peripheral refraction of young adults with myopia: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Peripheral refraction is associated with myopia development. Due to a varying prevalence of myopia across different ethnic groups, the aim of the present study was to investigate the peripheral refraction profile in an Arabic population.

Methods: Adults attending an optometry clinic were recruited into this cross-sectional study.

Assessment of Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide (TSP) and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Containing Ophthalmic Solution to Maintain Tear Osmolarity, Ocular Surface Temperature (OST) and Tear Production.

Background: The enhancement of ocular drug delivery is achieved by using biopolymer carriers in liquid ophthalmic preparations. Using natural polysaccharides to formulate ocular medications is attractive because they are economical and readily available. The primary goal of the study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP)/Hyaluronic acid (HA) containing Rohto eye drops (TSP/HA drops) in alleviating the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) under dry environmental conditions using controlled environmental chamber (CEC).

Perception and awareness of the public about presbyopia and its corrective approaches in Saudi Arabia: a population-based survey.

Background: This study investigated patients' awareness of presbyopia and its management approaches and their preferred methods for near vision correction.

Methods: In Saudi Arabia, 785 participants (aged between 35 and 60 years) completed a structured survey online, consisting of hard copies and direct interviews. The survey consisted of twenty-eight items divided into three parts.

Prescribing patterns for hyperopia: an insight of the optometrist perspective and practice.

Background: To investigate the current prescribing patterns for correcting hyperopia among optometrists in clinical practice in Saudi Arabia and compare those to current international guidelines. And explore the factors that influence practitioners' prescribing decision.

Method: This cross-sectional study employed 30 items online survey that encompass demographic data, current practice and cycloplegia use, numerical response to indicate the minimum level of hyperopia at which optometrists would consider prescribing spectacles to non-strabismic children and determine the diopter value required for prescribing correction for hyperopia if present with other factors.

The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency medical services personnel in Saudi Red Crescent Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Determining the prevalence of PTSD and contributing variables among (EMS) specialists was the goal of the current investigation. Furthermore, limited evidence exists regarding the application of PCL-5 for EMT practitioners, and the incidence of PTSD among different age groups and genders in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study includes 211 prehospital care providers of the Saudi Red Crescent Authority stations in Riyadh.

Efficacy of hydroxypropyl-guar drops in improving tear film index and ocular surface dynamics using two treatment methods under a controlled desiccating environment.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of hp-guar eye drops on tear film index and ocular surface dynamics under desiccating conditions using protection and relief treatment modalities.

Methodology: The 12 normal, non-dry eye participants were subjected to adverse environmental conditions using a Controlled Environment Chamber (CEC) where the relative humidity (RH) was 5% and the ambient temperature was 21 °C. The participants were screened for ocular symptoms, tear osmolarity, ocular surface temperature (OST), tear production using the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire (OSDI), OcuSense TearLab Osmometer, FLIR System ThermaCAM P620, and Schirmer strips.

Evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of Emustil drops for ocular discomfort and tear film osmolarity using different treatment management modes under dry environmental conditions.

Background: We aimed to check the efficacy of Emustil (oil in water emulsion) drops on tear film index and ocular surface dynamics in dry environments through protection and relief treatment modalities.

Methods: The subjects were exposed to a dry environment using a Controlled Environment Chamber (CEC) where the relative humidity (RH) was 5% and the temperature was 21 °C and screened for ocular symptoms, tear osmolarity, ocular surface temperature (OST) and tear production using ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire (OSDI), OcuSense TearLab Osmometer, FLIR System ThermaCAM P620 and Schirmer strips/phenol red test respectively. Tear production was calculated by the Tear Function Index test (TFI).

Unraveling Catechol-O-Methyltransferase rs4680 SNP's Role in Patients' Response to Tramadol and Its Adverse Effects: A Pharmacogenetics Insight into Postoperative Pain Management.

Effective postoperative pain management is essential for patient well-being and an efficient healthcare system. Variations in the Catechol O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene, specifically rs4680, play a crucial role in pain perception and opioid response. This study seeks to elucidate the impact of rs4680 polymorphism on tramadol efficacy and adverse reactions in post-surgical patients.

SIRT1 inhibits mitochondrial hyperfusion associated mito-bulb formation to sensitize oral cancer cells for apoptosis in a mtROS-dependent signalling pathway.

SIRT1 (NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1), a class III histone deacetylase acting as a tumor suppressor gene, is downregulated in oral cancer cells. Non-apoptotic doses of cisplatin (CDDP) downregulate SIRT1 expression advocating the mechanism of drug resistance. SIRT1 downregulation orchestrates inhibition of DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission, subsequently leading to the formation of hyperfused mitochondrial networks.

Protecting Tear-Film Stability under Adverse Environmental Conditions Using a Mucomimetic with a Non-Newtonian Viscosity Agent.

Tamarind-seed polysaccharide (TSP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have mucoadhesive properties that improve drug absorption and delay in drug elimination from the ocular surface. We aimed to evaluate TSP/HA-containing formulation for its efficiency in dry-eye symptoms induced by adverse environments and the interaction between mucomimic polymer and tear-film parameters. The participants were exposed to 5% relative humidity (RH) in a Controlled Environment Chamber (CEC) under constant room temperature (21 °C).

Synthesis, inhibition of cyclooxygenases and studies of new isoxazole derivatives.

Isoxazole belongs to the class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds. The process of developing new drugs has significantly gained attention due to inadequate pharmacokinetic and safety attributes of the available drugs. This study aimed to design a new diverse array of ten novel isoxazole derivatives via Claisen Schmidt condensation reaction.

Multidrug resistance pattern and molecular epidemiology of pathogens among children with diarrhea in Bangladesh, 2019-2021.

Antimicrobial and multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens are becoming one of the major health threats among children. Integrated studies on the molecular epidemiology and prevalence of AMR and MDR diarrheal pathogens are lacking. A total of 404 fecal specimens were collected from children with diarrhea in Bangladesh from January 2019 to December 2021.

Assessment of macular pigment optical density in Arab population and its relationship to people's anthropometric data: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Anthropometry facilitates the evaluation of risks associated with reduced macular pigment optical density (MPOD).

Objectives: To investigate the predictors and anthropometric indices associated with MPOD in healthy adult in Arab population.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study.

Evaluation of Therapeutic Capability of Emustil Drops against Tear Film Complications under Dry Environmental Conditions in Healthy Individuals.

: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ailment of the tears and ocular surface. The purpose of this study was to assess the tear film physiology under controlled dry environmental conditions and compare the efficacy of oil-in-water emulsion drops on tear film parameters in protection and relief treatment modalities under low-humidity conditions. Emustil eye drops were used after exposure to a low-humidity environment in the relief method, whereas, in the protection method, the drops were applied before exposure to low humidity.

Evaluation of different treatment modalities on the efficacy of hydroxypropyl Guar (HP-Guar) formulation on tear film stability (TFS) in subjects exposed to adverse environmental conditions.

The study aimed to assess the efficacy of hydroxypropyl guar (HP) formulation (Systane) to protect tear film parameters under desiccating environment using protection and relief treatment modalities. The subjects were exposed to adverse environmental conditions using a Controlled Environment Chamber (CEC) where the relative humidity (RH) was 5% and the ambient temperature was 21 °C and screened for Tear break-up time (TBUT), Tear film evaporation rate (TFER) and lipid layer thickness (LLT) using the HIRCAL grid, Servomed EP3 Evaporimeter and Keeler's TearScope-Plus respectively. Significant improvement in LLT was noticed in the protection modality.

New Ways to Protect the Host from SARS-CoV-2? Lung Microbiome Metabolites Inhibit STAT3 and Modulate the Immunological Network.

COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection is a systemic disease that affects multiple organs, biological pathways, and cell types. A systems biology approach would benefit the study of COVID-19 in the pandemic as well as the endemic state. Notably, patients with COVID-19 have dysbiosis of lung microbiota whose functional relevance to the host is largely unknown.

Biophysical, histological, and bioaccumulation properties of muscle affected by water pollution with heavy elements and microbes at the El-Rahawy drain in Egypt.

The leakage of sewage and agricultural drains has led to the contamination of freshwater branches with toxic heavy elements. This raises concerns about their toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems, especially on fish. Tilapia is regarded as an important protein source in Egypt and many other countries.

Analyzing the Differential Impact of Semen Preparation Methods on the Outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Techniques.

Sperm separation plays a critical role in assisted reproductive technology. Based on migration, density gradient centrifugation and filtration, a properly selected sperm could help in increasing assisted reproductive outcomes in teratozoospermia (TZs). The current study aimed to assess the prognostic value of four sperm selection techniques: density gradient centrifugation (DGC), swim-up (SU), DGC-SU and DGC followed by magnetic-activated cell sorting (DGC-MACS).

Pathogenicity of PKCγ Genetic Variants-Possible Function as a Non-Invasive Diagnostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecologic malignancies, owing to its misdiagnosis or late diagnosis. Identification of its genetic determinants could improve disease outcomes. Conventional Protein Kinase C-γ (PKCγ) dysregulation is reported in several cancers.

Evaluation of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with a High Body Mass Index.

Aim: This study evaluated the tear evaporation rate (TER) in subjects with a high body mass index (BMI) and tested the correlation between BMI and dry eye.

Methods: Thirty male subjects aged 18 - 38 years (26.4 ± 4.

Measurements of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with Refractive Errors Using a Portable Evaporimeter.

Dry eye symptoms are associated with refractive errors. We aimed to measure the tear evaporation rate (TER) in subjects with refractive errors (RE) using a portable evaporimeter. This nonrandomized, case-control, and observational study included 75 subjects, including 25 subjects aged 18-38 years (28.

Improving tear ferning patterns collected from goats and camels after adding various electrolyte solutions.

Background: Good quality of tear film is essential for healthy vision in both animals and humans. Therefore, improving the quality of tears through the addition of electrolytes is important.

Objectives: To assess the effect of adding various electrolyte solutions on tear ferning (TF) patterns collected from goats and camels.