Early lens aspiration with posterior chamber intraocular lens and capsular tension ring in microspherophakia to avoid lens-induced complications.

Purpose: To report the surgical outcome of early lens aspiration, posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL), and capsular tension ring (CTR) in a case series of microspherophakia (MSP) and secondary glaucoma.

Methods: Case series of 18 eyes of MSP cases presented with lenticular myopia and secondary glaucoma that underwent early lens aspiration, PC IOL and CTR by one ophthalmologist. Baseline, long-term postoperative outcomes and complications were documented.

What Do We Really Know about the Effectiveness of Glaucoma Interventions?: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Purpose: To identify systematic reviews of interventions for glaucoma conditions and to assess their reliability, thereby generating a list of potentially reliable reviews for updating glaucoma practice guidelines.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Systematic reviews of interventions for glaucoma conditions.

Corneal xanthogranuloma in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1: A clinicopathologic case report and review of the literature.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a benign inflammatory condition of uncertain pathogenesis. It is characterized by skin and ocular involvement - typically in the iris - in children. It has been reported in older age groups and has been also observed to involve other ocular structures such as the cornea and conjunctiva.

Candida parapsilosis corneal graft infection from a single eye center: Histopathologic report of 2 cases.

Fungal keratitis accounts for 6-53% of all cases of ulcerative keratitis in variable studies. The majority of cases are due to septate fungi. The abnormal cornea in cases of dry eye syndrome, chronic ulceration, erythema multiform and possibly HIV infection is infected more commonly with Candida, most commonly Candida albicans.

Prevalence and histopathological characteristics of corneal stromal dystrophies in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: The aim was to determine the frequency and describe the main histopathologic features of corneal stromal dystrophy in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective analysis of 193 corneal specimens diagnosed with stromal dystrophy. All samples were retrieved from the Histopathology Department at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital over a 10-year period (2002 to December 31, 2011).

Pigmented hypopyon in association with Listeria monocytogenes endopthalmitis: an interesting case report following refractive surgery procedure with literature review.

Purpose: Listeria monocytogenes is an aerobic, motile, gram positive bacillus recognized as an intercellular pathogen in human where it most frequently affects neonates, pregnant women, elderly patients, and immunosuppressed individuals as well as healthy persons. Ocular listeriosis is rare, most frequently in the form of conjunctivitis, but has been also shown to cause rarely endophthalmitis with pigmented hypopyon and elevated intraocular pressure such as in our case.

Materials And Methods: We are reporting one immunocompetent patient presenting with dark hypopyon following laser refractive procedure.

Exome capture reveals ZNF423 and CEP164 mutations, linking renal ciliopathies to DNA damage response signaling.

Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) are degenerative recessive diseases that affect kidney, retina, and brain. Genetic defects in NPHP gene products that localize to cilia and centrosomes defined them as "ciliopathies." However, disease mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Exome capture sequencing identifies a novel mutation in BBS4.

Purpose: Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is one of the most severe eye dystrophies characterized by severe vision loss at an early stage and accounts for approximately 5% of all retinal dystrophies. The purpose of this study was to identify a novel LCA disease allele or gene and to develop an approach combining genetic mapping with whole exome sequencing.

Methods: Three patients from King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH205) underwent whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping, and a single candidate region was identified.

Analysis and comparison of proteomic profiles of tear fluid from human, cow, sheep, and camel eyes.

Purpose: To investigate the tear proteome profiles of human, cow, sheep, and camel comparatively and to explore the difference of tear protein profiles among different species.

Methods: Tears were collected from both eyes of 25 clinically healthy volunteers, 50 cows, 25 sheep, and 50 camels. Pooled tear protein samples were separated by SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis.

Whole-exome sequencing identifies ALMS1, IQCB1, CNGA3, and MYO7A mutations in patients with Leber congenital amaurosis.

It has been well documented that mutations in the same retinal disease gene can result in different clinical phenotypes due to difference in the mutant allele and/or genetic background. To evaluate this, a set of consanguineous patient families with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) that do not carry mutations in known LCA disease genes was characterized through homozygosity mapping followed by targeted exon/whole-exome sequencing to identify genetic variations. Among these families, a total of five putative disease-causing mutations, including four novel alleles, were found for six families.

Ocular mycosis at a referral center in Saudi Arabia: A 20-year study.

Purpose: To review the clinical experience of fungal keratitis cases at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Retrospective observational review and analysis of 124 patient charts with confirmed diagnosis of fungal keratitis between 1984 and 2004.

Results: One hundred and twenty four eyes of 124 patients had proven fungal infection; 101 eyes had fungal keratitis and 23 eyes had fungal endophthalmitis complicating keratitis.

Comparison of camel tear proteins between summer and winter.

Purpose: Proteins in the tear fluid have positive effects on maintaining the integrity and stabilization of the tear film, which is affected by several environmental factors. The aim of this study is to investigate seasonal variation of protein patterns in camel tears collected during the summer and winter season.

Methods: Tears from both eyes of 50 clinically normal camels (Camelus dromedarius) were collected in the summer (June-July) and in the winter (December-January) respectively.

Clinical features and prognostic factors in Fuchs' uveitis.

To identify clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with Fuchs' uveitis (FU). All patients diagnosed with FU at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital between 1983 and 2005 were reviewed. Data collected included age, gender, initial and final visual acuities, clinical findings at presentation and during follow-up visits, interval between onset of symptoms and presentation to our institute, ocular complications, details of surgical procedures, and duration of follow-up.

Incidence, clinical features, causative organisms, and visual outcomes of delayed-onset pseudophakic endophthalmitis.

Purpose: To report the incidence, clinical features, causative organisms, and visual outcomes associated with delayed-onset pseudophakic endophthalmitis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and microbiology files of all patients with culture-proven endophthalmitis that was present 6 weeks or more after cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation who were treated at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) during a 10-year period.

Results: From January 1997 through December 2006, 17 patients with culture-proven, delayed-onset pseudophakic endophthalmitis were treated at KKESH.

Acetylcholinesterase and HHV-8 in squamous cell carcinoma and retinoblastoma.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) antigens were studied in tissue sections from 56 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and five retinoblastomas (Rb). Approximately 62.5% of SCC and 80% of Rb showed positive staining for AChE.

Acute-onset nosocomial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: incidence, clinical features, causative organisms, and visual outcomes.

Purpose: To estimate the incidence of acute-onset endophthalmitis after cataract surgery and to report its clinical features, microbiology, and final visual outcomes.

Setting: King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational case series.

Mutations in SPATA7 cause Leber congenital amaurosis and juvenile retinitis pigmentosa.

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) and juvenile retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are the most common hereditary causes of visual impairment in infants and children. Using homozygosity mapping, we narrowed down the critical region of the LCA3 locus to 3.8 Mb between markers D14S1022 and D14S1005.

Corneal endothelial cell density and morphology after acute hydrops in keratoconus.

Purpose: To compare central corneal endothelium cell density and morphology in eyes with keratoconus and unilateral resolved hydrops with the unaffected fellow eye.

Methods: Bilateral confocal microscopy was performed 3 months after resolution of acute unilateral hydrops in patients with keratoconus who presented to the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital between February 1, 2004, and November 31, 2005.

Results: Twenty-six patients (19 men and 7 women) with a mean age of 22 years (range, 11-36 years) were enrolled in the study.

Corneal endothelial cytotoxicity of the Calotropis procera (ushaar) plant.

Purpose: To report 6 eyes of 5 patients with transient corneal edema after exposure to the milky latex of Calotropis procera (ushaar).

Methods: Interventional case series.

Results: Intracorneal penetration of ushaar latex can lead to permanent endothelial cell loss with morphologic alteration.

L-carnitine protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of L-carnitine (LC) against oxidative changes in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.

Methods: The RPE cells from human donor eyes were cultured in Hams F-10 medium. The effect of LC on H2O2-induced morphologic changes in the RPE cells was analyzed by light microscopy.

Bacterial keratitis after primary pediatric penetrating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence, microbiological profile, and prognosis for bacterial keratitis after primary pediatric penetrating keratoplasty (PKP).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Retrospective review of all cases of primary PKP performed in children 12 years of age or younger at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2005 and inclusion of all postoperative cases of culture-positive, bacterial keratitis.

Decentration and cataract formation 10 years following posterior chamber silicone phakic intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To report a 10-year follow-up for bilateral implantation of a Chiron Adatomed silicone posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PIOL).

Methods: A 32-year-old man presented with bilateral blurred vision and monocular diplopia in the left eye of 2 years' duration.

Results: Slit-lamp microscopy showed bilateral anterior subcapsular cataract and temporal PIOL decentration, and no visible space between the PIOL and crystalline lens in the right eye.