Basic Life Support (BLS) Knowledge Among the Ha'il Region Population, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aims and background This study aims to evaluate Basic Life Support (BLS) knowledge among residents of the Ha'il region. It will reveal the public's familiarity with BLS and identify sources of BLS knowledge. The findings can guide policymakers in improving BLS training, potentially saving lives, especially during cardiac emergencies.

Confidence in the efficacy of routine vaccines after the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional web-based study.

Background: There is limited data that assessed the changes in public confidence in routine childhood and adult vaccines after Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We, therefore, assessed these changes and the reasons; if any; for these changes and measured the impact of COVID-19 on peoples' thoughts regarding routine vaccinations in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional online study in Saudi Arabia from November 2023 to April 2024.

Clinical Insights into Sickle Cell Disease: A Comprehensive Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Across Different Age Groups.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hematological disorder associated with significant mortality and a range of complex complications that manifest differently across various age groups. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of SCD patients in Taif City, Saudi Arabia, with a focus on variations among children, adolescents, adults, and middle-aged individuals. A multicenter retrospective cohort study included 129 patients with confirmed diagnosis of SCD between January 2018 to October 2023 and divided into 4 cohorts.

Exploring Patient Preferences Related to Shared Decision-Making in Chronic Disease Management.

Background and objective Shared decision-making (SDM) in healthcare has transitioned from a paternalistic model to a collaborative approach, particularly significant in chronic disease management. This shift focuses on aligning healthcare decisions with patient preferences and values, thereby enhancing patient engagement and treatment adherence. However, patient preferences regarding involvement in SDM vary widely, influenced by demographic, disease-specific, psychological, cultural, and social factors.

Ocular Manifestations in Seborrheic Dermatitis Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Management: A Comprehensive Review.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) often leads to ocular manifestations (OM) that are frequently overlooked. This study comprehensively explains the genesis of these ocular issues, which involves a combination of Malassezia overgrowth, changes in sebum production, and inflammatory responses in the body. The periocular region is rich in sebaceous glands, allowing Malassezia to thrive, which can lead to an inflammatory reaction that spreads to the eye surface, causing disorders such as blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, and ocular surface diseases.

On the analysis and deeper properties of the fractional complex physical models pertaining to nonsingular kernels.

This study solves the coupled fractional differential equations defining the massive Thirring model and the Kundu Eckhaus equation using the Natural transform decomposition method. The massive Thirring model is a dynamic component of quantum field theory, consisting of a coupled nonlinear complex differential equations. Initially, we study the suggested equations under the fractional derivative of Caputo-Fabrizio.

Colloidal 2D Layered SiC Quantum Dots from a Liquid Precursor: Surface Passivation, Bright Photoluminescence, and Planar Self-Assembly.

We report the bottom-up synthesis of colloidal two-dimensional (2D) layered silicon carbide (SiC) quantum dots with a cubic structure, lateral size of 5-10 nm, ⟨110⟩ exfoliation to few atomic layers, and surface passivation with 1-dodecene. Samples shielded from oxygen and plasma-annealed for purity exhibit narrow blue photoluminescence (PL) with quantum yields (QYs) over 60% in exceptional cases, while unshielded nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit broad blue/green/white PL with 10-15% QY. The latter scenario is attributed to excess surface carbon and oxygen accrued during synthesis and processing, with size separation through ultracentrifugation revealing size-dependent impurity emission.

Examining Anxiety and Insomnia in Internship Students and Their Association with Internet Gaming Disorder.

Internships are a mandatory graduation requirement to help medical students transition to the work environment. Some individuals are prone to anxiety in an unfamiliar environment, which is a public concern among young adults. Here, we investigated the mechanism between internet gaming disorder and anxiety and insomnia among internship students.

Health-related quality of life in gout patients in Madinah Region, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Gout can significantly impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to excruciating pain, chronic arthropathy, and associated comorbidities. The objective of our study was to evaluate HRQoL among patients diagnosed with gout in the Madinah region of Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: The research took place in the Madinah Region, where eligible adult participants aged 18 years or older, having a confirmed history, or present diagnosis of gout were enrolled using medical records from 2016 to 2022.

Preformed Stainless-Steel Crowns: Their Effects on Oral Hygiene Maintenance and Gingival Health - A Prospective Original Research.

The stainless-steel crown (SSC) is a durable restoration and has several indications for use in primary teeth such as following a pulpotomy/pulpectomy, fractured teeth, teeth with developmental defects, or large multi-surface caries lesions where amalgam is likely to fail. Due to its durability and a lifespan like the primary tooth, it could well be the gold standard in restorative care. SSCs protect the crown from fracture, reduce the possibility for leakage, and ensure a biological seal.

Comparative analysis of immunological biomarkers in COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe and infectious respiratory condition caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This case-control study aimed to evaluate serum levels of various immunological markers in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with bacterial pneumonia and a healthy control group. Serum samples were collected from adult participants across various COVID-19 isolation centers, including Kassala State and Ahmed Gasim Hospital, between April and June 2021.

Utilization of nanotechnology and experimental design in the development and optimization of a posaconazole‒calendula oil nanoemulgel for the treatment of mouth disorders.

Essential oil‒based nanoemulsions (NEs) are the subjects of extensive investigation due to their potential to address a variety of oral health issues. NEs are delivery systems that improve lipid medicine solubility and distribution to intended sites. The goal of the current study was to create and enhance a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery paradigm based on calendula oil (CO) and decorated with chitosan (CS) that could deliver posaconazole (PSZ) for the treatment of gingivitis.

Structural and energetic analysis of NS5 protein inhibition by small molecules in Japanese encephalitis virus using machine learning and steered molecular dynamics approach.

One of the viral diseases that affect millions of people around the world, particularly in developing countries, is (JE). In this study, the conserved protein of this virus, that is, non-structural protein 5 (NS5), was used as a target protein for this study, and a compound library of 749 antiviral molecules was screened against NS5. The current study employed machine learning-based virtual screening combined with molecular docking.

assessment of a natural small molecule as an inhibitor of programmed death ligand 1 for cancer immunotherapy: a computational approach.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a crucial target for cancer therapy. Here, an study investigates PD-L1 to inhibit its interaction with PD1, thereby promoting an immune response to eliminate cancer cells. The study employed machine learning (ML) -based QSAR to detect PDL1 inhibitors.

Computational insights into overcoming resistance mechanisms in targeted therapies for advanced breast cancer: focus on EGFR and HER2 co-inhibition.

In the present study, the formation of a heterodimer involving both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been explored as a potential therapeutic mechanism to inhibit the progression of breast cancer. Virtual screening using molecular docking resulted in the three hit compounds (, , and ) with minimum binding scores and commonly binding to both receptors. Further, MD simulation analysis of these complexes illustrated the high stability of these compounds with EGFR and HER2.

Targeting Cathepsin L in Cancer Management: Leveraging Machine Learning, Structure-Based Virtual Screening, and Molecular Dynamics Studies.

Cathepsin L (CTSL) expression is dysregulated in a variety of cancers. Extensive empirical evidence indicates their direct participation in cancer growth, angiogenic processes, metastatic dissemination, and the development of treatment resistance. Currently, no natural CTSL inhibitors are approved for clinical use.

Discovery of 1-(5-bromopyrazin-2-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]urea as a promising anticancer drug via synthesis, characterization, biological screening, and computational studies.

Cancer and different types of tumors are still the most resistant diseases to available therapeutic agents. Finding a highly effective anticancer drug is the first target and concern of thousands of drug designers. In our attempts to address this concern, a new pyrazine derivative, 1-(5-bromopyrazin-2-yl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]urea (BPU), was designed via structural optimization and synthesized to investigate its anticancer/antitumor potential.

Exploring the lncRNA-VEGF axis: Implications for cancer detection and therapy.

Cancer is a complicated illness that spreads indefinitely owing to epigenetic, genetic, and genomic alterations. Cancer cell multidrug susceptibility represents a severe barrier in cancer therapy. As a result, creating effective therapies requires a better knowledge of the mechanisms driving cancer development, progress, and resistance to medications.

HOTAIR: A key regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade in cancer progression and treatment.

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR occupies a central position in the complex domain of cancer biology, particularly concerning its intricate interplay with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted interactions between HOTAIR and the Wnt/β-catenin cascade, elucidating their profound function in cancer growth, progression, and therapeutic strategies. The study commences by underscoring the pivotal role of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade in governing essential cellular activities, emphasizing its dysregulation as a linchpin in cancer initiation and advancement.

Tubermycin B coated on Galactosylated Chitosan Nanoparticles synthesized by eco-friendly method ameliorates intracellular free radical production and reduces oxidative stress, reducing phosphorylation of IKKα/β/pIкBα/NF-кB pathway.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to investigate the cytotoxic potentials of Galactosylated Chitosan Nanoparticles. Specifically, the study aimed to develop Tubermycin B coated on Galactosylated Chitosan Nanoparticles using a new green method that replaces sodium borohydride in the reduction process.

Materials And Methods: The study synthesized Tubermycin B coated on Galactosylated Chitosan Nanoparticles through a new green method.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Global studies have observed a disparity in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among diabetic patients.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence, types, and correlates of CAM use among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1290 Saudis with type 2 DM aged ≥18 years.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Lifestyle of Students of Taibah University, Madinah.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown affected the daily habits of people around the world. Many countries have contributed to restricting its transmission by ensuing a quarantine, including Saudi Arabia, by shutting down educational facilities. Therefore, the system adapted to those changes, and people were required to stay home for work and education.

The role of thyroid transcription factor-1 in differentiating lung adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinoma effusions.

Effusions, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulations in body cavities, present difficulties in identifying the primary organs of metastatic tumors through cytopathologic investigation, particularly in cancer-related complications. This retrospective cross-sectional laboratory study aimed to investigate the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in distinguishing lung adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinomas in effusions. The study was conducted at Almobarak Cytopathology Laboratory, a private cytopathology laboratory.