Physiological effects of hand grip and cold pressor tests in young Saudi adults.

The risk of cardiovascular disease differs among various ethnic groups, highlighting disparities in cardiovascular health among different populations. While multiple studies from other countries have looked at changes in physiological parameters during autonomic function tests like isometric handgrip and cold pressor tests, no correlational research has been done in Saudi Arabia. This lacuna underscores the importance of examining the relationship between cardiorespiratory parameters in young Saudi Arabian individuals during these tests.

Assessing Nurses' Knowledge Regarding the Application of Artificial Intelligence Among Nursing Practice.

Unlabelled: Artificial intelligence (AI) is constantly improving the quality of medical procedures. Despite the application of AI in the healthcare industry, there are conflicting opinions among professionals, and limited research on its practical application in Saudi Arabia was conducted.

Aim: To assess the nurses' knowledge regarding the application of AI in practice at one of the Ministry of Health hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

The Role of the Discharge Planning Team on the Length of Hospital Stay and Readmission in Patients with Neurological Conditions: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of discharge planning teams in enhancing patient care. However, there is lack of data regarding how the implementation of a discharge planning system influences the length of stay (LOS) in hospital and readmission rates among patients with neurological diseases. We conducted a retrospective analysis to examine the effects of discharge planning application on the LOS and readmission rates for patients admitted under the neurology service in Saudi Arabia.

Understanding and Managing Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections in Vesicoureteral Reflux: Insights Into Pathophysiology and Care.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a pediatric condition identified by the backward flow of urine from the bladder to one or both ureters and kidneys, predisposing patients to recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and kidney scarring. Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis has long been a mainstay of management aimed at preventing recurrent UTIs and resulting renal damage. This review critically discusses the evidence supporting the utilization of antibiotic prophylaxis in VUR, with a focus on its efficacy, safety, long-term outcomes, and future directions in management.

Value of routine blood count surveillance in detecting relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have excellent outcomes, with >85% survival without relapse following contemporary therapies. Clinical and complete blood count (CBC) assessments are commonly used surveillance methods to detect relapses. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of routine blood testing for detecting relapse using a systematic method of assessing normal and abnormal results.

Artificial neural network-driven modeling of Ebola transmission dynamics with delays and disability outcomes.

This study develops an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based framework to model the transmission dynamics and long-term disability outcomes of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). Building on existing deterministic SEIR models, we extend the framework by introducing a disability compartment, capturing the progression of Ebola survivors to chronic health complications, such as post-Ebola syndrome. The proposed model stratifies the population into various epidemiological states, incorporating delays to better reflect the natural progression and intervention strategies associated with EVD.

Tinagl1 restores tamoxifen sensitivity and blocks fibronectin-induced EMT by simultaneously blocking the EGFR and β1-integrin/FAK signaling pathways in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells.

Tamoxifen (TAM) is employed to treat premenopausal ER-positive breast cancer patients, but TAM resistance is the main reason affecting its efficacy. Thus, addressing TAM resistance is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes. This study explored the potential role of Tinagl1, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, whose expression is compromised in TAM-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells (MCF-7R).

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Mentha rotundifolia and Chrysanthemum coronarium essential oils against the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta.

Tuta absoluta is one of the most destructive pests of tomatoes. Chemical insecticides used to control this leafminer harm all organisms, increasing the risk to public health and the environment. Developing natural alternatives, such as bioinsecticides formulated from essential plant oils, is a key strategy to address this problem.

Exploring Cognitive and Behavioral Changes Related to Smoking Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aims to determine smoking patterns, prevalence, and associated factors among medical students in Jeddah, focusing on experimentation, daily smoking, cessation efforts, awareness of health risks, and attitudes toward quitting. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from September to November 2023. It involved 213 medical students, from the second to sixth year, enrolled in various universities.

Sultan's Score: A Novel Predictive Score to Predict Complete Response Following Drug-Eluting Bead Chemoembolization.

Background: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a well-known standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the effectiveness of this treatment can vary among patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a novel imaging-based prediction score (Sultan's score) to predict complete response after treatment.

Methods: From January 2015 to 2021, 41 patients with solitary HCC, admitted at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were treated with drug-eluting TACE (DEBTACE).

Influence of indole acetic acid, arginine and mango fruit waste biochar on nutrients, chlorophyll contents and antioxidants of Fenugreek in salt affected soil.

Salinity stress disrupts water uptake and nutrient absorption, causing reduced photosynthesis, stunted growth, and decreased crop yields in plants. The use of indole acetic acid (IAA), arginine (AN), and mango fruit waste biochar (MFWB) can be effective methods to overcome this problem. Indole acetic acid (IAA) is a natural auxin hormone that aids cell elongation and division, thereby increasing plant height and branching.

3D highly isolated 6-port tri-band MIMO antenna system with 360° coverage for 5G IoT applications based machine learning verification.

A multipurpose antenna system that can handle a broad area of frequencies is crucial in the effort to build up widespread 5G Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks. For fifth-generation Internet-of-things applications, this research introduces a new multi-band antenna that can operate in the sub-6 GHz band (2-7 GHz), Ku-band (13-17.5 GHz), and millimeter wave band (25-39 GHz).

Pulmonary hypertension post-liver transplant: A case report.

Background: Liver transplantation (LTx) is vital in patients with end-stage liver disease, with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease being the most common indication. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an important indication. Portopulmonary hypertension, associated with portal hypertension, poses a significant perioperative risk, making pretransplant screening essential.

Lyve1-Driven Nras Causes Edema, Enlarged Lymphatic Vessels, and Hepatic Vascular Defects in Embryonic Mice.

Background: Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA) is a complex lymphatic anomaly associated with a somatic activating NRAS p.Q61R (NRAS) mutation. KLA is characterized by malformed lymphatic vessels that can lead to effusions and coagulopathy.

GC-MS Analysis, Neuropharmacological, and Antidiarrheal Activities of the Acetone Extract of Najas gracillima Seaweed: In Vivo and In Silico Study.

Najas gracillima, a marine seaweed found in North America and Asia, was investigated for its neuropharmacological and antidiarrheal properties. Acetone extracts of N. gracillima (ANG) were analyzed using both in vivo and in silico methods.

Exosomes in infectious diseases: insights into leishmaniasis pathogenesis, immune modulation, and therapeutic potential.

Leishmaniasis continues to be a critical international health issue due to the scarcity of efficient treatment and the development of drug tolerance. New developments in the research of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, have revealed novel disease management approaches. Exosomes are small vesicles that transport lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins in cell signalling.

Factors Influencing Outcomes of Trauma Patients Transferred in Trauma Systems by Air or Ground Ambulance: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of ambulance transportation versus helicopter transportation on mortality for trauma patients.

Methods: A systematic review of published and unpublished databases (to August 2023) was performed. Studies, reporting mortality, for people who experienced trauma and were transported to a trauma unit by ambulance or helicopter were eligible.

An assessment of the knowledge, perception, and willingness to use telepharmacy services among the general public in Riyadh.

The studies concerning Saudis' perceptions and awareness of telepharmacy, as well as their readiness to use this service, are critical for policymakers to devise measures to increase the acceptability of telepharmacy. The present study aimed to assess their knowledge, perceptions, and willingness to use telepharmacy services in Riyadh. The present study was a cross-sectional survey conducted between March 2024 and June 2024.

Hybrid CNN-GRU Model for Real-Time Blood Glucose Forecasting: Enhancing IoT-Based Diabetes Management with AI.

For people with diabetes, controlling blood glucose level (BGL) is a significant issue since the disease affects how the body metabolizes food, which makes careful insulin regulation necessary. Patients have to manually check their blood sugar levels, which can be laborious and inaccurate. Many variables affect BGL changes, making accurate prediction challenging.

TMP: A dual modulator of apoptosis and autophagy via SHP-1 regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant health burden due to its high incidence, and current treatment effectiveness is hindered by drug resistance. Thus, investigation of novel therapeutic approaches derived from natural sources is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the potential of Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), bioactive alkaloid (ligustrazine) isolated from Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Wallichii), in targeting HCC by inducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy.

Concurrent left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and ventricular septal rupture complicating an inferior myocardial infarction: A case report.

The mechanical complications postmyocardial infarction are individually uncommon but potentially life-threatening. The simultaneous occurrence of more than one complication in a single patient is rare and presents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present a case of concurrent left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and ventricular septal rupture post a late presentation, inferoposterior myocardial infarction.

Impact of gibberellic acid GA3, quantum dot biochar, and rhizosphere bacteria on fenugreek plant growth and stress responses under lead stress.

Lead (Pb) is a stress that can cause problems with several aspects of a plant's metabolism, potentially impeding the plant's ability to grow and develop. The use of gibberellic acid (GA3), quantum dot biochar (QDBC), and rhizobacteria (RB) can be effective methods to overcome this problem. Gibberellic acid is a crucial plant hormone that regulates plant growth, cell division, tissue differentiation, flowering, photosynthesis, and transpiration rate.

Biogenic silver nanoparticles derived from the marine brown algae Iyengaria stellata for plant growth promotion under saline conditions.

In the green approach for nanoparticle synthesis, biomolecules like phenols, alkaloids, proteins, enzymes, and lipids are the prime reducing and stabilizing agents. In this study, we reported the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous extract of the marine algae Iyengaria stellata (Børgesen) for the first time. The characterization study showed that the developed AgNPs were spherical in shape and their average particle size was 60 nm.