Prospective single-center study on the reliability of ipsilateral cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy as a predictor for selective shunting during carotid endarterectomy.

Objective: Many techniques are available for the intraoperative assessment of brain perfusion during carotid endarterectomy, such as carotid stump pressure, near-infrared spectroscopy, somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial Doppler, electroencephalography, and clinical assessment. The decision for selective carotid shunt insertion is dependent on clinical deterioration or the detection of cerebral hypoperfusion after cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery. Monitoring cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique for cerebral oxygen saturation measurement, reflecting changes in cerebral blood flow during carotid endarterectomy.

Role of six cytokines and bone metabolism biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment in comparison with aligners: a clinical study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess bone biomarkers and cytokines in patients with conventional labial appliances (CLAs) and aligners.

Materials And Methods: Participants were recruited to undergo orthodontic treatment with CLAs and aligners according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Periodontal examination was accomplished at baseline and 4 weeks using the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BoP).

Natural and synthetic photosensitizers activated by photodynamic therapy on enamel reconditioning rebonded to metallic brackets: an in vitro study.

Objective: To evaluate the bond efficacy and failure rates of rebonded metallic brackets after enamel reconditioning with chemical 37% phosphoric acid (PA) and natural and synthetic photosensitizers activated by PDT.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 non-cavitated, and cautiously extracted human premolars were congregated after sample size calculation. The enamel exterior was etched, washed, dried for adhesive application, and cured.

Endovascular treatment for spontaneous supraceliac isolated abdominal aortic dissection is a fabulous option. (Case report).

Aortic dissection originates from isolated tear in the abdominal aorta is rare but potentially life or limb-threatening condition particularly if misdiagnosed. It may have a number of clinical presentations with potentially serious adverse effects and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient with an acute onset of abdominal pain radiating to the back and the buttocks together with presence or absence of a pulsatile abdominal mass, signs of limb ischemia, or discernible risk factors. Surgical and endovascular treatments are two valid options for these cases according to their clinical and anatomical considerations with acceptable results.

Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against halitosis in adolescent patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Purpose: The aim of the present randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on halitosis in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five adolescents with halitosis undergoing orthodontic treatment were equally randomized into three groups: Group - I: provision of treatment through PDT on dorsum of tongue; Group - II: provision of treatment with the help of tongue scrappers (TS); Group - III: provision of treatment with the help of TS and adjunctive PDT. Presence of halitosis confirmed on the basis of gas chromatography and estimation of oral malodour with a cysteine challenge and HS values recorded ≥112 parts per billion (ppb).

Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in restoring clinical, microbial, proinflammatory cytokines and pain scores in adolescent patients having generalized gingivitis and undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on clinical gingival inflammatory parameters, bacterial load, proinflammatory cytokine status, and pain scores in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with gingivitis.

Methods: Thirty adolescent undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with gingivitis were randomly divided into two groups: Group A - patients undergoing dental scaling (DS) with adjunctive photodynamic therapy (PDT) and Group BDS alone. Clinical gingival parameters including plaque scores, (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) were assessed.

Delayed Aortic Stent Collapse in Blunt Traumatic Aortic Injury Repair.

Background:  Endovascular stent grafting has emerged as an option to treat traumatic aorta injuries with reported significantly low mortality and morbidity. Stent collapse is one of the complications that can occur in this type of treatment. The aim of this article is to analyze the expected cause of stent collapse and to draw attention to the importance of the surveillance follow-up, as this phenomenon may occur late postdeployment.

Evaluation of cephalometric lip morphology in a Saudi sub population: A cross sectional study.

This cross-sectional study was done to evaluate linear and angular measurement of lip morphology in Saudi adults and their comparison with the norms. After taking their history and physical examination, the patients were referred for a lateral Cephalograph using Dolphin Imaging Software. Linear and angular measurements related to lip morphology were recorded.

Photobiomodulation in acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review and meta analysis.

Background: Photobiomodulation therapy, a non invasive method with no adverse effects, has been used to accelerate tooth movement in orthodontia. However, the specific characteristics of laser settings used in studies documented have reported varied inconsistent conflicting results.

Objectives: We decided to undertake a systematic review to eliminate this inconsistency by quantifying the literature studies that indicated the link between photobiomodulation and acceleration of tooth movement and to assess if there is any association of photobiomodulation therapy in accelerating tooth movement.

Photosensitization of lithium di-silicate ceramic by Er, Cr: YSGG and fractional carbon dioxide laser bonded to orthodontic bracket.

Aim: To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) and modes of lithium disilicate ceramics (LDC) photosensitized by Er,Cr:YSGG (ECL) and fractional carbon dioxide (CO) laser bonded to metallic bracket compared to traditional conditioning methods.

Material And Method: Fifty LDC discs were polished and randomly allocated into 5 groups (n = 10) each. Group 1 were photosensitized with ECL + Silane (S).

Evaluation of skeletal variations and establishment of Cephalometric Norms in Saudi Sub Population using Bjork Jarabak's analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the skeletal variations amongst individuals and to compare the measurements with the standardized linear and angular values of Bjork Jarabak's analysis.

Methods: This study was conducted at POS Department, King Khalid University on 100 adult Saudi patients recruited through convenience sampling. It was conducted between April to September 2017, had inclusion criteria of patients between the age group 17 to 22 years showing normal occlusion.

Mycotic aortic aneurysm due to brucellosis.

Brucellosis is a multisystem zoonotic disease. Mycotic aneurysm due to is rare and has no clear management approach. Here, we present two cases of mycotic aortic aneurysm due to .

Inferior vena cava stent grafting closure of a high-flow portacaval shunt.

Portacaval (PC) shunts can be of congenital or acquired types. Acquired PC shunts are usually created in patients with end-stage liver disease to manage complications associated with portal hypertension or may be part of selected adult-adult living donor liver transplantation procedures to decrease the chance of the small-for-size syndrome. The main potential complication of these acquired high-flow PC shunts is early hepatic encephalopathy.

Blunt traumatic subclavian vein pseudoaneurysm.

Subclavian and upper extremity venous pseudoaneurysms are rare and poorly understood. We present the case of a 45-year-old woman with a right subclavian vein pseudoaneurysm that formed after blunt trauma to the upper chest and shoulder. The patient was managed successfully with surgical excision through a supraclavicular approach.

Aneurysms of the foot arteries.

Aneurysms of the foot arteries are uncommon but can lead to devastating complications such as acute foot ischemia or arterial rupture if left untreated. In this case series, we present four cases of aneurysms of the foot: one true dorsalis pedis artery aneurysm and three cases of post-traumatic plantar artery pseudoaneurysms with arteriovenous fistulas. All four patients were successfully managed with surgical excision of the aneurysm with or without arteriovenous fistulas ligation.