Pain Management Strategies in Contemporary Penile Implant Recipients.

Purpose Of Review: To review the most recent literature citing opioid-sparing multimodal analgesic strategies used to manage perioperative pain in patients who underwent inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery and to provide the penile implant surgeon a variety of non-opioid-based pain management strategies for IPP management.

Recent Findings: Interventions performed in the pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative arenas have all been shown to effectively lower pain scores and reduce opioid consumption. Certain surgical techniques performed during IPP surgery have helped with post-operative discomfort patients may feel after surgery.

Characterization of carbonate fraction of the Atlantic bluefin tuna fin spine bone matrix for stable isotope analysis.

The mineral component of fish otoliths (), which is aragonitic calcium carbonate (CaCO), makes this structure the preferred sample choice for measuring biological carbon and oxygen-stable isotopes in order to address fundamental questions in fish ecology and fisheries science. The main drawback is that the removal of otoliths requires sacrificing the specimen, which is particularly impractical for endangered and commercially valuable species such as Atlantic bluefin tuna () (ABFT). This study explores the suitability of using the first dorsal fin spine bone of ABFT as a non-lethal alternative to otolith analysis or as a complementary hard structure.

Emerging application of a structural and chemical analyzer for the complete characterization of metal-rich particulate matter.

Clean air is considered to be a basic requirement of human health and well-being. An increasing range of adverse health effects has been linked to air pollution, at ever-lower concentrations. This research shows the newly developed Structural and Chemical Analyzer (SCA) to be a successful combination of Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-rays that opens up new insight into the composition of particulate matter (PM).

Multianalytical approach to the analysis of English polychromed alabaster sculptures: muRaman, muEDXRF, and FTIR spectroscopies.

A complete study of several English polychromed alabaster sculptures is presented. The support, pigment, and binders were characterised by combining muEDXRF, muRaman, and FTIR spectroscopies. Among the pigments, minium, vermilion, lead white, carbon black, red iron oxide, and a degraded green copper pigment were determined, together with gold leaf.

Green copper pigments biodegradation in cultural heritage: from malachite to moolooite, thermodynamic modeling, X-ray fluorescence, and Raman evidence.

Moolooite (copper oxalate), a very rare compound, was found as a degradation product from the decay of malachite in several specimens of Cultural Heritage studied. Computer simulations, based on heterogeneous chemical equilibria, support the transformation of malachite to moolooite through the intermediate copper basic sulfates or copper basic chlorides, depending on the presence of available free sulfate or chloride anions in the chemical system. Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectral evidence found during the analysis of the three case studies investigated supported the model predictions.