Metformin Radiosensitizing Effect on Hypoxic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by GAPDH and TAGLN2.

Objective: Tumor hypoxia is associated with a poorer prognosis in cancer patients and can diminish the efficacy of radiation therapy (RT). This study investigates the potential of metformin to enhance radiosensitivity in hypoxic cancer cells.

Methods: Preliminary experiments were conducted to validate the impact of hypoxia on radiation response.

Development of a malnutrition model in mice: Comparative evaluation of food restriction percentage and different diets.

Malnutrition is a complicated illness that affects people worldwide and is linked to higher death rates, a heightened vulnerability to infections, and delayed cognitive development. Experimental models have been constructed to comprehend the mechanisms associated with hunger. In this regard, the current study used two different types of food aiming to validate a murine model of malnutrition based on dietary restriction.

Diet Based on Miller Flour Increases Muscle Volume and Modulates the Expression of Myokines in Mice Subjected to Resistance Training.

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Miller (ora-pro-nobis [OPN]) flour on body and biochemical parameters, thermogenic activity, and molecular expression of markers in the muscle tissue of mice subjected to resistance training (RT). Twelve mice were randomly assigned to two groups (n=6 animals/group): G1: control (Control) fed a standard diet + RT and G2: experimental (OPN) fed a diet based on OPN flour + RT. The RT consisted of a 6-week program using a vertical ladder combined with a fixed weight attached to the animal.

Dietary supplementation with black cricket (Gryllus assimilis) reverses protein-energy malnutrition and modulates renin-angiotensin system expression in adipose tissue.

Edible insects are recognized as promising food sources due to their nutritional composition. Some species, such as Gryllus assimilis, contain proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates of high biological value, which regulate several metabolic functions, including the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS). In this context, the present study aimed to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with whole Gryllus assimilis powder on the metabolism of malnourished mice.

Effects of gallic acid and physical training on liver damage, force, and anxiety in obese mice: Hepatic modulation of Sestrin 2 (SESN2) and PGC-α expression.

Obesity and overweight are multifactorial diseases affecting more than one-third of the world's population. Physical inactivity contributes to a positive energy balance and the onset of obesity. Exercise combined with a balanced diet is an effective non-pharmacological strategy to improve obesity-related disorders.

Efficacy of three benznidazole dosing strategies for adults living with chronic Chagas disease (MULTIBENZ): an international, randomised, double-blind, phase 2b trial.

Background: Treatment with benznidazole for chronic Chagas disease is associated with low cure rates and substantial toxicity. We aimed to compare the parasitological efficacy and safety of 3 different benznidazole regimens in adult patients with chronic Chagas disease.

Methods: The MULTIBENZ trial was an international, randomised, double-blind, phase 2b trial performed in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Spain.

Older adults, appendicular anthropometric measurements, and poor functional performance are predictors of sarcopenia in individuals with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To identify predictors of sarcopenia (demographical, anthropometric measurements, tumor-related clinical characteristics, performance status, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels in individuals with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Material And Methods: This cross-sectional study selected diagnosed with HNSCC (n = 125). Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle strength and low physical performance.

Middle cerebral artery blood velocity and cognitive function after high- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise sessions.

This crossover study explored the acute effect of a session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on middle cerebral artery (MCA) variables such as cerebral blood velocity, pulsatility index (PI) and resistivity index (RI) through transcranial Doppler (TCD), and cognitive function (CF - verbal fluency and Digit Span) in healthy young adults. Participants (26 healthy young adults, 13 women, 24 ± 3 years) underwent two different randomized exercise sessions: (1) MICT (60 % heart rate reserve, HRR) and (2) HIIT (80 % HRR). MCA velocity, PI, RI, CF, and serum lactate were measured immediately before and after the sessions.

Lychnophora ericoides Mart. (Brazilian arnica) ethanol extract accelerates the skin wound healing process: Evidence for its mechanism of action.

Background: Lychnophora ericoides Mart, also known as the Brazilian arnica or fake arnica, belongs to the Asteraceae family. Leaves and roots are used in alcoholic and hydroalcoholic preparations for the treatment of wounds, inflammation, and pain.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of L.

Gallic acid as a Sestrin (SESN2) activator and potential obesity therapeutic agent: A molecular docking study.

Sestrins (SESNs) are a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins among mammals. They have several body homeostatic functions such as antioxidant, metabolic, and anti-aging, and are required to regenerate hyperoxidized forms of peroxiredoxins and reactive oxygen species. Sestrin 2 has been studied as a therapeutic agent in obesity treatment.

Floor Maze Test is capable of differentiating spatial navigation between frail and pre-frail institutionalized older persons.

Unlabelled: Investigation of the association between physical frailty and cognitive performance through spatial navigation is important to enable the identification of individuals with cognitive impairment and physical comorbidity.

Objective: To analyze the association between spatial navigation and frailty in frail and pre-frail institutionalized older adults.

Methods: Forty older people of both sexes, aged 60 years or over, residing in four Brazilian Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs) participated in this study.

Increased Depression and the Worsening of Depressive Symptoms Associated with Physical Inactivity during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Phase Cross-Sectional Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the incidence of depression and other mental disorders in the general population, influenced by various individual and contextual factors. Physical activity (PA) interventions offer a promising approach to mitigating the negative mental health effects of the pandemic. This study aims to analyze the association between PA and depressive symptoms.

Gallic acid has an inhibitory effect on skin squamous cell carcinoma and acts on the heat shock protein HSP90AB1.

Differences in the features of aggressiveness of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) subtypes, between basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are relevant characteristics. Comparing the characteristics between NMSC subtypes might help identify molecules associated with cancer metastasis and invasion. Considering these facts, the current study aimed to identify a molecular target for inhibiting skin cancer metastasis and invasion.

The antineoplastic potential of crotoxin isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom on oral squamous cell carcinoma.

This study investigated the antineoplastic effects of crotoxin isolated from snake venom of the South American Crotalus durissus terrificus in oral cancer cell lines and in an animal model of chemically induced oral cancer. We analyzed cell viability and death, clonogenic formation, DNA fragmentation, migration assay, and gene expression of MMP2, MMP9, COL1A1, and CASP3. In the animal model, after induction of oral cancer by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide carcinogen, mice were treated with crotoxin to investigate its effects on tumor development in tongue and oral mucosa.

Alzheimer's disease genes and proteins associated with resistance and aerobic training: An in silico analysis.

Background: Exercise appears to be a viable intervention for maintaining cognitive function and regaining functional autonomy, and perhaps even contributing to a slower progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Objective: To explore different neuroplasticity pathways modulated by aerobic and strength training, determine whether signaling pathways overlapped for each specific training method (aerobic and strength training), and evaluate whether there is a functional relationship between APOE and APP gene expression with aerobic training modulated by BDNF; and strength training modulated by IGF-1.

Methods: An in silico analysis was performed to analyze the connection between exercise types and neuroplasticity as a protective factor in AD.

Effect of low-level light therapy before radiotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An in vitro study.

Radiation therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with several complications. Although photobiomodulation (PBM) has radioprotective effects in normal tissue, it could also enhance the growth of neoplastic cells. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the cellular response of oral squamous cell carcinoma with pre-exposure to low-level phototherapy before radiotherapy.

Identification of potential biomarkers and survival analysis for oral squamous cell carcinoma: A transcriptomic study.

Objective: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common neoplasms worldwide. The current study aimed to identify potential biomarkers associated with OSCC survival.

Materials And Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in atypical OSCC cases were identified using two public datasets: The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Dementia among older adults living in long-term care facilities: an epidemiological study.

Unlabelled: Institutionalization has been associated with social isolation, psychological and cognitive changes, and decreased levels of physical activity in older adults.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and functional dependence in older adults dwelling in two different Brazilian long-term care facilities (LTCFs).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 185 older people of both sexes, aged 60 years or over, residing in two LTCFs in the city of Montes Claros-MG, Brazil.

Development and Evaluation of a Low-cost Dairy Food Supplement with (Buriti) to Combat Malnutrition: Translational Study in Mice and Institutionalized Elderly Woman.

Aims: The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a new dairy by-product nutritional supplement with Buriti fruit to improve malnutrition in mice and elderly woman.

Background: Malnutrition is a prevalent problem in the elderly; therefore, oral dietary supplementation is an important strategy to reduce this health problem incidence.

Objective: The present study evaluated the effects of a low-cost food supplement, made from byproducts of the dairy and fruit industry in the Brazilian Cerrado (Buriti), on the nutritional status and on the recovery of the metabolic profile of malnourished animals and elderly women.

Photodynamic therapy mediated by nanoparticles Aluminum Chloro Phthalocyanine in oral squamous carcinoma cells.

The aim of this study is to investigate the antineoplastic potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by an aluminum-phthalocyanine chloride nanoemulsion (AlPc-NE), against an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line in vitro. Both OSCC (SCC9) and A431 cell lines were studied in vitro. Four study groups were used: Group 1 (phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]), Group 2 (PBS + 28.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) modulate inflammatory profile in obese humans and mice: adipose tissue role on NETs levels.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a recently discovered neutrophil defense mechanism which modulates several inflammatory conditions contributing to metabolic profile alterations. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the production of NETs in obese patients and mice, verifying the possible mechanisms associated with the release of NETs by the adipose tissue.

Methods And Results: The present study investigated NETs production in human adipose tissue and also showing the neutrophils using intravital microscopy in mouse epididymal adipose tissue.

The Link between Exercise and Homocysteine in the Alzheimer's Disease: A Bioinformatic Network Model.

Elevated peripheral expression of homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and stroke, diabetes, and cancer. It is also associated with cognitive impairment as it has been reported that high levels of Hcy cause cognitive dysfunction and memory deficit. Among several etiological factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Hcy seems to directly contribute to the generation of neurotoxicity factors.

Oral Angiotensin-(1-7) Peptide Modulates Intestinal Microbiota Improving Metabolic Profile in Obese Mice.

Background: Obesity is a serious health problem that dysregulate Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and intestinal microbiota.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the Angiotensin-(1-7) [ANG-(1-7)] oral formulation effects on obese mice intestinal microbiota.

Methods: Mice were divided into four groups: obese and non-obese treated with ANG-(1-7) and obese and non-obese without ANG-(1-7) during four weeks.