2021 World Health Organization guideline on pharmacological treatment of hypertension: Policy implications for the region of the Americas.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the Americas and raised blood pressure accounts for over 50% of CVD. In the Americas over a quarter of adult women and four in ten adult men have hypertension and the diagnosis, treatment and control are suboptimal. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) released an updated guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults.

[2021 World Health Organization guideline on pharmacological treatment of hypertension: Policy implications for the region of the AmericasDiretrizes de 2021 da Organização Mundial da Saúde sobre o tratamento medicamentoso da hipertensão arterial: repercussões para as políticas na região das Américas].

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the Americas and raised blood pressure accounts for over 50% of CVD. In the Americas over a quarter of adult women and four in ten adult men have hypertension and the diagnosis, treatment and control are suboptimal. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) released an updated guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults.

[2021 World Health Organization guideline on pharmacological treatment of hypertension: Policy implications for the Region of the AmericasDirectrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud del 2021 sobre el tratamiento farmacológico de la hipertensión: implicaciones de política para la Región de las Américas].

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the Americas and raised blood pressure accounts for over 50% of CVD. In the Americas over a quarter of adult women and four in ten adult men have hypertension and the diagnosis, treatment and control are suboptimal. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) released an updated guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults.

In Defense of Clinical Autopsy and Its Practice in Cuba.

There has been a notable decrease in the global practice of clinical autopsy; the rate has fallen to below 10%, even in high-income countries. This is attributed to several causes, including increased costs, overreliance on modern diagnostic techniques, cultural and religious factors, the emergence of new infectious diseases and negative attitudes on the part of doctors, even pathologists. Alternative methods to autopsy in postmortem studies have been developed based on imaging, endoscopy and biopsy (all quite expensive).

Success in control of hypertension in a low-resource setting: the Cuban experience.

Background: Pharmacologic control of hypertension is an essential component of the current strategy to control cardiovascular diseases. Much concern has been focused in recent years on the challenge that cardiovascular disease poses for developing countries. Available medical therapies should be equally effective in low- and high-resource settings; however, this has not yet been demonstrated.

Cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors in Cuba: prospects for prevention and control.

Objectives: An adequate description of the trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not available for most of the developing world. Cuba provides an important exception, and we sought to use available data to offer insights into the changing patterns of CVD there.

Methods: We reviewed Cuban public health statistics, surveys, and reports of health services.

Ethnicity, education, and blood pressure in Cuba.

The causes of variation in hypertension risk by ethnicity and educational level are not well understood. To gain further insight into this issue in a nonindustrialized country, a population-based sample of 1,667 persons aged 15-74 years was recruited in Cienfuegos, Cuba. In this 2001-2002 study, interviewers classified 29% of participants as Black or mulatto and 71% as White.