Efficacy of Benzodiazepines or Antihistamines for Patients With Acute Vertigo: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Acute vertigo can be disabling. Antihistamines and benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed as "vestibular suppressants," but their efficacy is unclear.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of antihistamines and benzodiazepines in the treatment of acute vertigo from any underlying cause.

Fluid Resuscitation and Progression to Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients With COVID-19.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with respiratory symptoms and renal effects. Data regarding fluid resuscitation and kidney injury in COVID-19 are lacking, and understanding this relationship is critical.

Objectives: To determine if there is an association between fluid volume administered in 24 h and development of renal failure in COVID-19 patients.

Clinical prediction rule for SARS-CoV-2 infection from 116 U.S. emergency departments 2-22-2021.

Objectives: Accurate and reliable criteria to rapidly estimate the probability of infection with the novel coronavirus-2 that causes the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) and associated disease (COVID-19) remain an urgent unmet need, especially in emergency care. The objective was to derive and validate a clinical prediction score for SARS-CoV-2 infection that uses simple criteria widely available at the point of care.

Methods: Data came from the registry data from the national REgistry of suspected COVID-19 in EmeRgency care (RECOVER network) comprising 116 hospitals from 25 states in the US.

Can we predict which COVID-19 patients will need transfer to intensive care within 24 hours of floor admission?

Background: Patients with COVID-19 can present to the emergency department (ED) at any point during the spectrum of illness, making it difficult to predict what level of care the patient will ultimately require. Admission to a ward bed, which is subsequently upgraded within hours to an intensive care unit (ICU) bed, represents an inability to appropriately predict the patient's course of illness. Predicting which patients will require ICU care within 24 hours would allow admissions to be managed more appropriately.

Characteristics of COVID-19 patients with bacterial coinfection admitted to the hospital from the emergency department in a large regional healthcare system.

Introduction: The rate of bacterial coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is poorly defined. The decision to administer antibiotics early in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on the likelihood of bacterial coinfection.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients admitted through the emergency department with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection over a 6-week period in a large healthcare system in the United States.

Risk factors associated with hospital admission in COVID-19 patients initially admitted to an observation unit.

Background: No set guidelines to guide disposition decisions from the emergency department (ED) in patients with COVID-19 exist. Our goal was to determine characteristics that identify patients at high risk for adverse outcomes who may need admission to the hospital instead of an observation unit.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 116 adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to an ED observation unit.

First-time Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 2 Diabetics With Covid-19 Infection: A Novel Case Series.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a novel coronavirus first diagnosed in U.S. hospitals in January 2020.

Establishing a Low-Resource Simulation Emergency Medicine Curriculum in Nepal.

Introduction: High-fidelity medical simulation is widely used in emergency medicine training because it mirrors the fast-paced environment of the emergency department (ED). However, simulation is not common in emergency medicine training programs in lower-resourced countries as cost, availability of resources, and faculty experience are potential limitations. We initiated a simulation curriculum in a low-resource environment.

Troponin Testing and Coronary Syndrome in Geriatric Patients With Nonspecific Complaints: Are We Overtesting?

Background: Elderly patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with nonspecific complaints (NSCs) often undergo troponin testing to assess for atypical acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the rate of ACS and utility of troponin testing in this population is unknown. We sought to determine the rate of ACS and diagnostic yield of troponin testing in elderly patients with NSCs.

A Novel Technique for Ice Water Immersion in Severe Drug-Induced Hyperthermia in the Emergency Department.

Background: Methamphetamine can cause life-threatening hyperthermia and treatment must be aggressive and rapid. There are multiple methods of cooling, with cold-water immersion being one of the most effective treatment options. However, this method is technically difficult to institute in the emergency department setting.

A Combined Intervention of Zinc, Multiple Micronutrients, and Albendazole Does Not Ameliorate Environmental Enteric Dysfunction or Stunting in Rural Malawian Children in a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and linear growth stunting affect many rural agrarian children in the developing world and contribute to the persistently high rates of stunting that are observed worldwide. Effective interventions to consistently ameliorate EED are lacking.

Objective: We tested whether a bundle of safe and affordable interventions would decrease EED and stunting over 12-24 wk in a cohort of rural Malawian children 12-35 mo old.

Common beans and cowpeas as complementary foods to reduce environmental enteric dysfunction and stunting in Malawian children: study protocol for two randomized controlled trials.

Background: Interventions to decrease the burden of childhood malnutrition are urgently needed, as millions of children die annually owing to undernutrition and hundreds of millions more are left cognitively and physically stunted. Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), a pervasive chronic subclinical inflammatory condition among children that develops when complementary foods are introduced, places them at high risk of stunting, malabsorption, and poor oral vaccine efficacy. Improved interventions to reduce the burden of EED and stunting are expected to markedly improve the nutritional status and survival of children throughout resource-limited settings.

Extending the short and long wavelength limits of bacteriochlorin near-infrared absorption via dioxo- and bisimide-functionalization.

Six new bacteriochlorins expanding the range of the strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption (Qy band) to both shorter and longer wavelengths (∼690 to ∼900 nm) have been synthesized and characterized. The architectures include bacteriochlorin-bisimides that have six-membered imide rings spanning the 3,5- and 13,15-macrocycle positions or five-membered imide rings spanning the β-pyrrolic 2,3- and 12,13-positions. Both bisimide types absorb at significantly longer wavelength than the bacteriochlorin precursors (no fused rings), whereas oxo-groups at the 7- or 7,17-positions shift the Qy band to a new short wavelength limit.

Immediate complications and pain relief associated with 296 fluoroscopically guided thoracic foraminal nerve blocks.

Objective: The goal of this work is to review the thoracic foraminal nerve blocks and foraminal epidurals performed at a single institution to determine the incidence and types of immediate complications and pain relief associated with thoracic foraminal nerve blocks.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study entailed a comprehensive review of the radiographs and reports of 296 injections performed in 225 examinations on 153 patients (60 men and 93 women). The overall mean age was 51.

Adenovirus transduction is required for the correction of diabetes using Pdx-1 or Neurogenin-3 in the liver.

The regeneration of insulin-producing cells in vivo has emerged as a promising method for treating type I diabetes. Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx-1), NeuroD, and Neurogenin-3 (Ngn3) are pancreatic transcription factors important for the development of insulin-producing cells in the liver. Other groups have demonstrated that adenoviral-mediated transgene expression of these transcription factors in the liver can reverse hyperglycemia in diabetic mice.

Comparison of adenoviral and adeno-associated viral vectors for pancreatic gene delivery in vivo.

Although effective gene therapy vectors have been developed for organ systems such as the liver, an effective delivery vector to the pancreas in vivo has remained elusive. Of the currently available viral vectors, adenovirus and adeno-associated virus (AAV) are two of the most efficient at transducing nondividing cells. We have constructed recombinant adenovirus (AdVLacZ), adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2LacZ), and pseudotyped adeno-associated virus serotype 5 and 8 (AAV5LacZ, AAV8LacZ) carrying the LacZ reporter, and compared the transduction efficiency of these four vectors in the pancreas of mice in vivo.

MetaCyc: a multiorganism database of metabolic pathways and enzymes.

The MetaCyc database (see URL http://MetaCyc.org) is a collection of metabolic pathways and enzymes from a wide variety of organisms, primarily microorganisms and plants. The goal of MetaCyc is to contain a representative sample of each experimentally elucidated pathway, and thereby to catalog the universe of metabolism.