Estimating contributions of vehicular emissions to PM in a roadside environment: A multiple approach study.

Vehicular emissions (VE) are among the major sources of airborne fine particulate matter (PM) in urban atmospheres, which adversely impact the environment and public health. Receptor models are widely used for estimating PM source contributions from VE (PM), but often give inconsistent results due to different modelling principles and assumptions. During December 2015-May 2017, we collected nine-months of hourly organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) data, as well as 24-h PM speciation data including major species and organic tracers on select days from an ad hoc roadside site in Hong Kong.