Towards a context-specific understanding of masculinities in Eswatini within voluntary medical male circumcision programming.

Compelling evidence from three randomised controlled trials, which showed that voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces HIV acquisition from women to men by up to 60%, led to WHO recommending that VMMC be implemented in 14 priority countries. As one of the priority countries, Eswatini aimed to reach 80% VMMC coverage among boys and men aged 10-49 years since programme inception in 2009. By the end of 2019, however, the country had reached a modest 40%.