Effects of Pharmacist-Led Interventions Regarding Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Mexico: A Systematic Review.

In Mexico, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health concern. As experts in drug therapy, pharmacists are essential additions to multidisciplinary diabetes patient care teams. There have been no systematic reviews or meta-analyses performed on pharmacist-led interventions (PIs) in Mexico; therefore, the impact of PIs on patients remains poorly explored.

Gut colonization and subsequent infection of neonates caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and .

The gut microbiota harbors diverse bacteria considered reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance genes. The global emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) significantly contributes to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We investigated the presence of ESBL-producing (ESBL-PEco) and ESBL-producing (ESBL-PKpn) in neonatal patients' guts.

Breast Cancer in Pregnant Young Women: Clinicopathological Profile, Survival, and Pregnancy Outcomes.

Background Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer types diagnosed during pregnancy; the presence of any neoplasm in pregnant women faces clinical dilemmas and challenges in cancer and pregnancy management. Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or within one year after delivery. The aim of this study was to describe tumor clinicopathological characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in PABC patients.

Infections and risk factors for infection-related mortality after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Mexico: A single center retrospective study.

Objective: To identify the type of infections and risk factors for infection-related mortality (IRM) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients <16 years of age treated in 2010-2019 was conducted. Unadjusted hazard ratios (HR) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox regression.

Direct medical cost of COVID-19 in children hospitalized at a tertiary referral healthcare center in Mexico City.

Introduction: Despite the end of the COVID-19 pandemic being declared by the WHO, the economic consequences are far from over. One of these implications was the cost of inpatient care for health institutions. To date, some studies have examined the economic burden of COVID-19 in the adult population but only a few have focused on child populations.

[Associating prognostic factors with clinical results in locally advanced breast cancer].

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant tumor in women.

Objective: To identify clinico-pathological and molecular markers as predictors of survival in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Methods: Retrospective and observational study.

Costs associated with adverse events from remission induction for children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).

Background: ALL is the most frequent hematological tumor in children, so during remission induction chemotherapy protocol (RICP) adverse events (AEs) may appear. The public program in Mexico in charge of financial support to oncologic children without social security delivered a fix amount for ALL chemotherapy, but additional money needed to treat any other unexpected condition should be taken from the budget of the oncologic healthcare providers. So the purpose of our study was to estimate and evaluate the direct medical costs associated to EAs during RICP in children with ALL.

Is colostomy closure without mechanical bowel preparation safe in pediatric patients? A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is largely used worldwide prior to colostomy closure in children, although its benefits are questioned by scientific evidence, and its use can cause adverse reactions. We hypothesized that colostomy closure procedures in children are not associated with increased complications (surgical site infection [SSI] and anastomotic leakage) when performed without MBP. Thus, we conducted a noninferiority trial to compare the safety and efficacy of colostomy takedown with and without MBP.

HP0953 - hypothetical virulence factor overexpresion and localization during infection of gastric epithelium.

Background: The high prevalence and persistence of () infection, as well as the diversity of pathologies related to it, suggest that the virulence factors used by this microorganism are varied. Moreover, as its proteome contains 340 hypothetical proteins, it is important to investigate them to completely understand the mechanisms of its virulence and survival. We have previously reported that the hypothetical protein HP0953 is overexpressed during the first hours of adhesion to inert surfaces, under stress conditions, suggesting its role in the environmental survival of this bacterium and perhaps as a virulence factor.

Economic issues of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections for influenza in Mexican children attended in a tertiary public hospital.

Background: Influenza cause a clinical and economic burden for health systems and society. It is necessary to know the cost of the disease in order to perform cost-effectiveness assessments of preventive or treatment interventions.

Objective: Assess the costs of the care of children with influenza in a third level hospital in Mexico.

Cytomegalovirus infection and disease in pediatric liver transplantation: Burden of disease under a preemptive therapy approach.

Background: CMV remains a frequent complication after liver transplantation. Few studies exist in children reporting the epidemiology and outcomes of CMV after LT with current prevention strategies. Our goal is to report the incidence of CMV infection and disease in pediatric LT recipients under preemptive therapy, identify risk factors, complications, and adverse reactions to treatment.

Nucleotide substitutions in the mexR, nalC and nalD regulator genes of the MexAB-OprM efflux pump are maintained in Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetic lineages.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has different resistant mechanisms including the constitutive MexAB-OprM efflux pump. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the mexR, nalC, and nalD repressors of this efflux pump can contribute to antimicrobial resistance; however, it is unknown whether these changes are mainly related to genetic lineages or environmental pressure. This study identifies SNPs in the mexR, nalC, and nalD genes in clinical and environmental isolates of P.

Corrigendum: Coronavirus Disease-2019 Survival in Mexico: A Cohort Study on the Interaction of the Associated Factors.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.

Coronavirus Disease-2019 Survival in Mexico: A Cohort Study on the Interaction of the Associated Factors.

The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently affecting more than 200 countries. The most lethal clinical presentation is respiratory insufficiency, requiring attention in intensive care units (ICU). The most susceptible people are over 60 years old with comorbidities.

Association of Genetic Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 with the Prognosis in Children with Neuroblastoma.

There is evidence that high circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-8 are markers of a poor prognosis in various types of cancer, including NB. The participation of these cytokines in the tumor microenvironment has been described to promote progression and metastasis. Our objective was to evaluate the prognostic role of genetic polymorphisms and serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in a cohort of Mexican pediatric patients with NB.

Ocular preservation in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma before chemotherapy in situ era: A report from a Mexican Retinoblastoma Reference Hospital.

Background: Bilateral retinoblastoma (Rb) treatment remains a challenge for ophthalmologists and pediatric oncologists despite new therapeutic strategies for eye preservation. The purpose of this work is to evaluate treatment outcomes in patients who underwent eye salvage treatment at a single-center prior to the chemotherapy in situ era.

Procedure: We followed a cohort of 88 consecutive Rb patients diagnosed at Hospital Infantil de México between November 2000 and June 2014.

Safety and efficacy of step-down to oral outpatient treatment versus inpatient antimicrobial treatment in pediatric cancer patients with febrile neutropenia: A noninferiority multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Background: It has been suggested that low-risk febrile neutropenia (FN) episodes can be treated in a step-down manner in the outpatient setting. This recommendation has been limited to implementation in middle-income countries due to concerns about infrastructure and lack of trained personnel. We aimed to determine whether early step-down to oral antimicrobial outpatient treatment is not inferior in safety and efficacy to inpatient intravenous treatment in children with low-risk FN.

Differential expression of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 in gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori infection in paediatric patients, adults, and an animal model.

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a major aetiologic agent associated with gastritis. H. pylori infections increase the expression of the Toll-like receptor (TLR), which in turn modulates the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-146a and miRNA-155.

Pediatric mature B-cell NHL, early referral and supportive care problems in a developing country.

Objective: Mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) comprises more than 50% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in children and adolescents. An official report published by the Mexican National Center for the Control and Prevention of Cancer in the Pediatric and Adolescent Populations, reported a lymphoma OS of 71% (including all Hodgkin and NHL). The Mexican Association of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology conducted a retrospective study to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with diagnosis of B-NHL in Mexico, in order to perceive the main areas of improvement in the health care.

Delivery of Pediatric Cancer Care in Mexico: A National Survey.

Purpose Limited data describe the delivery of pediatric cancer care in Mexico. We report a nationwide survey of pediatric cancer units. Methods An electronic survey was distributed to 74 pediatric cancer units in Mexico to describe case volumes; organization of care; and availability of medical/surgical specialists, supportive care, complex therapies, and diagnostic services.

Potential drug-drug interactions and their risk factors in pediatric patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Mexico.

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) detected in a patient may not be clinically apparent (potential DDIs), and when they occur, they produce adverse drug reactions (ADRs), toxicity or loss of treatment efficacy. In pediatrics, there are only few publications assessing potential DDIs and their risk factors. There are no studies in children admitted to emergency departments (ED).

Analysis of Normal Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Contents in Childhood Acute Leukemia Bone Marrow.

Background And Aims: Childhood acute leukemias (AL) are characterized by the excessive production of malignant precursor cells at the expense of effective blood cell development. The dominance of leukemic cells over normal progenitors may result in either direct suppression of functional hematopoiesis or remodeling of microenvironmental niches, contributing to BM failure and AL-associated mortality. We undertook this study to investigate the contents and functional activity of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) and their relationship to immune cell production and risk status in AL pediatric patients.