Reliability and Validity of Computerized Adventitious Respiratory Sounds in People with Bronchiectasis.

Background: Computerized adventitious respiratory sounds (ARS), such as crackles and wheezes, have been poorly explored in bronchiectasis, especially their measurement properties. This study aimed to test the reliability and validity of ARS in bronchiectasis. Methods: Respiratory sounds were recorded twice at 4 chest locations on 2 assessment sessions (7 days apart) in people with bronchiectasis and daily sputum expectoration.

Variation in Assignment of the COPD Patients into a GOLD Group According to Symptoms Severity.

Introduction: The Global Organization of Lung Disease (GOLD) classifies patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) taking into account the symptoms. The modified Medical Research Council's dyspnea scale (mMRC) and the COPD assessment test (CAT) are used to assess these symptoms. In this study, we analyze the concordance of GOLD classification using mMRC and CAT.

[Smoking-attributable deaths in Spain, 2006].

Background And Objective: This study estimates smoking-attributable mortality in Spain in 2006.

Population And Method: Source data included 1) smoking prevalence in Spain; 2) deaths occurred in Spain; and 3) relative risks of mortality by tobacco-caused diseases drawn from the Cancer Prevention Study II. All data corresponded to individuals aged 35 years and older.

[Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax].

This is the fourth update of the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pneumothorax published by the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR). Spontaneous pneumothorax, or the presence of air in the pleural space not caused by injury or medical intervention, is a significant clinical problem. We propose a method for classifying cases into 3 categories: partial, complete, and complete with total lung collapse.

[Benefit of brief interventions and pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation in teenagers].

Management of smoking includes approaches such as health advice against smoking, brief or intensive interventions, and pharmacotherapy. However, we do not have enough information on the use of such approaches in teenagers. School programs aimed at children and adolescents are perhaps the most widely used intervention and the one for which we have the most experience.

[New perspectives in the diagnosis and evolution of the consumption of tobacco: markers of susceptibility and damage].

The smoking represents a serious problem of public health. It is in and of itself high-priority to describe the genetic bases of the addiction, the susceptibility to begin the consumption, to be smoking and to develop pathologies related with the tobacco. Markers of susceptibility (I begin, consolidation, modulation and ceasing of the habit), of damage potential -chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung carcinoma-, and of valuation of the adverse goods of the exhibition.

[Correlation between carbon-monoxide levels in exhaled air and nicotine-dependence measurements systems (DSM-IV, Fagerström test and ARU-SMQ-9) in adolescent smokers].

Background And Objective: If we are capable of 1) determining the correlation, in young smokers, between carbon-monoxide levels in exhaled air (CO) and carboxihemoblobine (COHb) (cooximetrically determined) and 2) adapting the versions of the nosologic criteria DSM-IV for nicotine-depencence (DSM-IVa), Fagerström Test (FTNDa), and ARU-SMQ-9a Test to adolescents, then we may be able to establish how useful such tests are to measure nicotine-ependences in adolescents. SUBJECTS AND MEHTOD: Cross-sectional, observation-based study carried out in 41 schools. 2,647 students aged 10 to 17 years were surveyed.