Step-by-Step Hysteroscopic Treatment of Complete Uterine Septum Associated or Not with Cervical Anomalies.

Study Objective: To demonstrate our hysteroscopic technique using the mini-resectoscope for the treatment of complete uterine septum with or without cervical anomalies.

Design: A step-by-step video demonstration of the technique with the use of an educational video.

Settings: We present 3 patients diagnosed as having complete uterine septum (U2b according to the ESHRE/ESGE classification) with or without cervical anomalies (C0, normal cervix; C1, septate cervix; C2, double "normal" cervix"), 2 of them with a longitudinal vaginal septum (V1).

Restoring Fertility of Patients with Severe Asherman's Syndrome in the Office Setting: A Step-by-Step Recipe for Success.

Objective: To describe an effective in-office hysteroscopic strategy to restore fertility of patients with severe Asherman's syndrome.

Design: A step-by-step video demonstration of the technique with an emphasis on the key portions of the procedure. A detailed narrated description of the steps is provided.

Hysteroscopy and Retained Products of Conception: An Update.

Retained products of conception (RPOC) can occur after early or mid-trimester pregnancy termination and also following vaginal or cesarean delivery. It is frequently associated with continuous vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and infection. Late complications include intrauterine adhesions formation and infertility.

Fertility outcomes after hysteroscopic removal of intrauterine leiomyomas and polyps.

Thanks to the progress of science, it is now understood that a successful implantation not only depends on the quality of the embryo, but also on having a receptive endometrium. During the years, several authors have reviewed the important role of the uterine factor, ranging from the congenital anomalies, such as uterine septa and subsepta, and acquired conditions such as endometrial polyps and submucous myomas. Currently, hysteroscopy has proved to be a powerful and accurate tool for visualizing the uterine cavity and treating intrauterine pathologies.

Hysteroscopic approach to uterine cervical canal stenosis.

Cervical stenosis is defined as an adhesion process of variable degree, producing narrowing, distortion, or complete obliteration of the cervix. Several techniques have been defined to access to the uterine cavity and nowadays hysteroscopy seems to be the best option. In this manuscript, we review all the hysteroscopic modalities to overcome a cervical stenosis and access to the uterine cavity.

The Invisible External Cervical Os. Tips and Tricks to Overcome this Challenge during In-Office Hysteroscopy.

Objective: Hysteroscopy is considered the gold standard technique for the diagnosis and management of intrauterine pathology allowing to "see and treat" patients in 1 session if desired [1-3]. Pain and the inability to enter the uterine cavity are the most common limitations of hysteroscopy, especially when performed in an office setting [4-7]. Cervical stenosis is a common hysteroscopic finding frequently encountered in postmenopausal women, especially in patients with a history of cervical procedures such as cone biopsy [8].

Emergent Laparoscopic Removal of a Perforating Intrauterine Device During Pregnancy Under Regional Anesthesia.

Study Objectives: To describe and demonstrate a technique for laparoscopic removal of a perforating intrauterine device (IUD) during pregnancy, and to provide tips to facilitate safe laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy.

Design: Video presentation of the technique for laparoscopic removal of a perforating IUD in a pregnant woman.

Setting: Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.