Publications by authors named "Alfonso Ciotta"

Introduction: Trochanteric fractures are a major trauma in the elderly population and represent a significant part of public health spending. Various fixation devices are used as treatment for these fractures. This study aimed to evaluate three surgical methods in the treatment of pertrochanteric femoral fractures.

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Aim: Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate the expression and activity of numerous proteins involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. Currently, three hydroxamate-containing HDAC pan-inhibitors have been approved as antitumor agents.

Results: We herein present the development of a series of novel phenylpyrrole-based derivatives stemmed from combined computational and medicinal chemistry efforts to rationally modulate HDAC1/6 isoform selectivity.

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Article Synopsis
  • Altered histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is linked to tumor growth, and HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) like MS275 can change gene expression and influence cell behavior, including differentiation and death.
  • The study focused on how MS275 regulates ARHGEF3, a protein that affects RhoA activity, leading to the differentiation of U937 cells into macrophage-like cells, as indicated by increased CD68 expression.
  • The research findings highlight ARHGEF3's essential role in myeloid differentiation and suggest that targeting this protein with HDAC inhibitors may offer insights into new cancer treatment strategies.
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The first Jumonji gene was cloned in 1995 by Takeuchi et al. [Takeuchi T, Yamazaki Y, Katoh-Fukui Y, Tsuchiya R, Kondo S, Motoyama J, Higashinakagawa T. Gene trap capture of a novel mouse gene, jumonji, required for neural tube formation.

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Given our interest in finding potential antitumor agents and in view of the multifactorial mechanistic nature of cancer, in the present work, taking advantage of the multifunctional ligands approach, new chimeric molecules were designed and synthesized by combining in single chemical entities structural features of SAHA, targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs), with substituted stilbene or terphenyl derivatives previously obtained by us and endowed with antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity. The new chimeric derivatives were characterized with respect to their cytotoxic activity and their effects on cell cycle progression on different tumor cell lines, as well as their HDACs inhibition. Among the other, trans -6 showed the most interesting biological profile, as it exhibited a strong pro-apoptotic activity in tumor cell lines in comparison with both of its parent compounds and a marked HDAC inhibition.

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