A meta-analysis on the neuropsychological correlates of Borderline Personality Disorder: An update.

Previous research on Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) demonstrated dysfunction across a broad range of cognitive domains. However, the limited number of neuropsychological studies on BPD and their occasionally conflicting results have precluded a clear characterization of the neuropsychological features associated with this personality disorder. Therefore, the main aim of the present study is to provide an updated overview of neuropsychological functions related to BPD.

Early Detection of Depression in Parkinson's Disease: Psychometrics and Diagnostics of the Spanish Version of the Beck Depression Inventory.

Objective: Depression is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and requires proper diagnosis as it negatively impacts patients' and their relatives quality of life. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric and diagnostic properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-I (BDI-I) in a Spanish PD cohort.

Method: Consecutive PD outpatients completed the Spanish version of the BDI-I and other questionnaires assessing anxiety and apathy.

Ecological Validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Non-Demented Parkinson's Disease Patients.

Background: The ecological validity of performance-based cognitive screeners needs to be tested in order for them to be fully recommended for use within clinical practice and research.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine, within an Italian cohort of non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, the ecological validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) by assessing its association with (1) functional independence (FI), (2) quality of life (QoL), and (3) behavioural-psychological (BP) outcomes.

Methods: Seventy-four non-demented PD patients were administered the MoCA and underwent motor functional - i.

Validity and diagnostics of the Italian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in non-demented Parkinson's disease patients.

Background: This study aimed at: (1) assessing, in an Italian cohort of non-demented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, the construct validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) against both first- and second-level cognitive measures; (2) delivering an exhaustive and updated evaluation of its diagnostic properties.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of N = 237 non-demented PD patients having been administered the MoCA was addressed, of whom N = 169 further underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and N = 68 the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS). A subsample (N = 60) also underwent a second-level cognitive battery encompassing measures of attention/executive functioning, language, memory, praxis and visuo-spatial abilities.

Clinimetrics of the Italian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in adult-onset idiopathic focal dystonia.

This study aimed at assessing the clinimetrics of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in an Italian cohort of patients with adult-onset idiopathic focal dystonia (AOIFD). N = 86 AOIFD patients and N = 92 healthy controls (HCs) were administered the MoCA. Patients further underwent the Trail-Making Test (TMT) and Babcock Memory Test (BMT), being also screened via the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS).

Psychometrics and diagnostics of the Italian version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Depression is one of the most disabling neuropsychiatric manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD) and requires proper screening and diagnosis because it affects the overall prognosis and quality of life of patients. This study aimed to assess the psychometric and diagnostic properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) in an Italian PD cohort.

Materials And Methods: Fifty consecutive outpatients with PD underwent the Italian version of the BDI-II and other questionnaires to evaluate anxiety and apathetic symptoms.

The Cognitive Profile of Atypical Parkinsonism: A Meta-Analysis.

Atypical Parkinsonism (AP) syndromes are characterized by a wide spectrum of non-motor symptoms including prominent attentional and executive deficits. However, the cognitive profile of AP and its differences and similarities with that of Parkinson's Disease (PD) are still a matter of debate. The present meta-analysis aimed at identifying patterns of cognitive impairment in AP by comparing global cognitive functioning, memory, executive functions, visuospatial abilities, language, non-verbal reasoning, and processing speed test performances of patients with AP relative to healthy controls and patients with PD.

Psychometrics, diagnostics and usability of Italian tools assessing behavioural and functional outcomes in neurological, geriatric and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review.

Background: Psychometric instruments assessing behavioural and functional outcomes (BFIs) in neurological, geriatric and psychiatric populations are relevant towards diagnostics, prognosis and intervention. However, BFIs often happen not to meet methodological-statistical standards, thus lowering their level of recommendation in clinical practice and research. This work thus aimed at (1) providing an up-to-date compendium on psychometrics, diagnostics and usability of available Italian BFIs and (2) delivering evidence-based information on their level of recommendation.

Apathy and depression in amnestic and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: The information regarding neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with the main subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is inadequate. Indeed, it is unclear whether patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and those with non-amnestic MCI (naMCI) are characterized by a different behavioral profile and whether the decline in the activities of daily living (ADL) is different between the two groups. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to describe the behavioral and functional profile of the two MCI subgroups and to determine whether apathy and depression are associated with functional autonomy.

A longitudinal study on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to psychological consequences on people's mental health, representing a condition of increased vulnerability for the weakest sections of population, including elderly patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This longitudinal study aimed at exploring the impact of the most frequent non-motor symptoms and their contribute on health-related quality of life of PD patients after the COVID-19 outbreak, in comparison with the pre-pandemic status.

Methods: Forty-two non-demented PD patients underwent a first assessment between December 2018 and January 2020 (T0).

The Italian version of the alternative form of Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS/AF): normative values from 260 Italian healthy subjects.

Introduction: The Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) is a comprehensive PD-specific cognitive scale which assesses both fronto-subcortical and cortical functions. The original version of the PD-CRS is a valid and reliable instrument to screen for and diagnose PD-MCI. Although this battery was translated and validated into Italian language, an alternative form (AF) should be useful to minimize practice effect in test-retest conditions.

Neuropsychological correlates of prospective memory: A comparison between tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease and cervical dystonia.

Cervical Dystonia (CD) and Parkinson's disease, particularly tremor-dominant motor phenotype (TD-PD), showed a selective deficit of time-based prospective memory (TBPM). The two movement disorders are mainly characterized by dysfunctions of basal-ganglia and prefrontal cortex but it is reported that cerebellum also plays a key role in their pathogenesis. These cerebral structures are specifically involved in TBPM rather than in event-based PM (EBPM), but until now no study directly compared these two components of PM between CD and TD-PD patients.

The role of the motor subtypes on the relationship between anxiety and cognitive dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease.

Anxiety is a common neuropsychiatric symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). Until now, anxiety has been consistently related to cognitive deficits and severity of motor symptoms, whereas the association between anxiety and motor subtypes (TD-PD, tremor dominant and PIGD-PD, postural instability/gait disturbances dominant) revealed contrasting results. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between PD motor subtypes and anxiety and to explore whether the relationship between anxiety and cognitive deficits occurs in a specific PD motor subtype.

Personality traits associated with blepharospasm: A comparison with healthy subjects, patients with facial hemispasm and patients with hyperhidrosis.

The aim of this study is to explore the existence of specific personality traits related to patients with blepharospasm (BSP), treated with injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BTX). Sixteen patients with BSP, 22 with facial hemispasm (HFS), 20 with essential hyperhidrosis (EH) and 20 healthy controls (HCs) completed the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised to explore personality traits based on Cloninger's Psychobiological Model. The results revealed that the four groups differed on the Harm Avoidance (HA) scale and fear of uncertainty subscale, as well as on Persistence (PS).

Personality profile and depression in migraine: a meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the clinical importance of psychological factors in migraine, the relationship between personality traits, depression, and migraine has been poorly investigated.

Objective: To delineate the personality profile distinctive for migraineurs and to explore the relationship between personality traits and depression in migraineurs compared to non-migraineurs.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed up to March 2019 using PsycInfo (PROQUEST), PubMed and Scopus.

Cognitive correlates of prospective memory in dystonia.

Introduction: Executive dysfunctions are observed in focal dystonia (i.e., blepharospasm and cervical dystonia).

Prospective memory in Parkinson's disease: the role of the motor subtypes.

Background: Prospective memory (PM) is defined as memory for future intentions and it is typically divided into time-based and event-based PM. Deficit of PM has been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) but no study has yet explored the association between motor subtypes (tremor dominant and rigidity/bradykinesia dominant) and performance on PM tasks. The aim of the study was to explore the role of motor subtypes in the defect of PM.

Neural correlates of apathy in patients with neurodegenerative disorders: an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis.

Apathy is commonly reported in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). In our meta-analysis we analysed a total of 41 studies to identify brain patterns associated with apathy. For these purposes we used activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses.

"Pure apathy" and cognitive dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease: A meta-analytic study.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms such as cognitive deficit and behavioural disturbances. Apathy seems to be related to cognitive impairment, but some studies failed to confirm the relationship due to different methodological procedures across studies. A meta-analysis on 8 studies was performed to explore the cognitive correlates of apathy without depression and dementia (pure apathy).

Interoceptive processing deficit: A behavioral marker for subtyping Parkinson's disease.

Background: Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), such as cognitive, emotional, autonomic and somatosensory alterations, are not ubiquitous but vary between the tremor dominant (TD) and postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) subtypes of the syndrome. Non-motor phenomena (e.g.