Hopelessness is associated with decreased heart rate variability during championship chess games.

Objective: Clinical observations suggest that negative affects such as helplessness/hopelessness (HE/HO) may induce autonomic duration; affects were assessed for every move after reconstruction of the games. In all games compiled, 18 situation of intense confidence/optimism and 20 of intense helplessness/hopelessness were observed.

Results: Intense affects of HE/HO were associated with decreasing HF-HRV (Fisher exact test, p =.