Risk-taking behaviour and executive functions, a major component of the risk of fall factors after recent stroke.

Objective: This study investigated the weight of different cognitive disorders on patient behaviour influencing the risk of falls after recent stroke.

Design: Survey and retrospective monocentric study.

Subjects/patients: 74 professionals/108 patients.

Enhancing Botulinum Toxin Injection Precision: The Efficacy of a Single Cadaveric Ultrasound Training Intervention for Improved Anatomical Localization.

Ultrasound guidance can enhance existing landmark-based injection methods, even through a brief and single exposure during a cadaveric training course. A total of twelve participants were enrolled in this training program, comprising nine physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, one pediatrician, and two physician assistants. For each participant, one upper-limb muscle and one lower-limb muscle were randomly chosen from the preselected muscle group.

Percutaneous needle tenotomies: indications, procedures, efficacy and safety. A systematic review.

Background: Percutaneous needle tenotomies constitute a promising approach that enables direct access to tendons through minimally invasive interventions. They can be performed rapidly without need for large incisions or general anaesthesia. However, the reported procedures are heterogeneous and currently conducted without guidelines.

Arthro-distension with early and intensive mobilization for shoulder adhesive capsulitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: There are several therapeutic options for the management of shoulder adhesive capsulitis (AC). The superiority of arthro-distension over intra-articular steroid injection (ISI) for AC remains controversial.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a single arthro-distension procedure combined with early and intensive mobilization (ADM) and physiotherapy, versus ISI and physiotherapy, in people with AC lasting ≥3 months.

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in the dorsal hippocampus regulates memory consolidation in gonadectomized male mice, likely via different signaling mechanisms than in female mice.

Studies in ovariectomized (OVX) female rodents suggest that G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is a key regulator of memory, yet little is known about its importance to memory in males or the cellular mechanisms underlying its mnemonic effects in either sex. In OVX mice, bilateral infusion of the GPER agonist G-1 into the dorsal hippocampus (DH) enhances object recognition and spatial memory consolidation in a manner dependent on rapid activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, cofilin phosphorylation, and actin polymerization in the DH. However, the effects of GPER on memory consolidation and DH cell signaling in males are unknown.

Could motor blocks be a therapeutic option for treatment-resistant functional dystonia? A case series of three patients.

The diagnosis of functional dystonia is challenging because it is difficult to distinguish functional dystonia from other types of dystonia. After diagnostic explanation, multidisciplinary care is recommended, but some patients are resistant to treatments. We used motor blocks in three patients with severe resistant functional dystonia of the upper limbs to test (i) whether joint contracture was present and (ii) whether motor blocks have a therapeutic effect on functional dystonia.

Association between carpal tunnel syndrome and the five-year incidence of anxiety disorder and depression in adults followed in general practices in Germany.

Objective: Little is known about the longitudinal relationship between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and mental health. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study investigated the association between CTS and the five-year incidence of anxiety disorder and depression in adults from Germany.

Methods: Data from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) were used for the present study.

Role of age and sex in the association between BMI and functional limitations in stroke patients: Cross-sectional analysis in three European and US cohorts.

Background: A U- or J-shaped association between BMI and different post-stroke outcomes is suggested. Thus, the aim is to evaluate the association between BMI with ADL, IADL and mobility limitations in the ageing post-stroke population at different ages, as well as the differences in this association by sex.

Methods: A total of 5,468 participants with stroke and 21,872 without stroke over 50 years of age were assessed for the number of limitations in basic or instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL) as well as mobility tasks.

Dual-task versus single-task gait rehabilitation after stroke: the protocol of the cognitive-motor synergy multicenter, randomized, controlled superiority trial (SYNCOMOT).

Background: Gait disorders and cognitive impairments are prime causes of disability and institutionalization after stroke. We hypothesized that relative to single-task gait rehabilitation (ST GR), cognitive-motor dual-task (DT) GR initiated at the subacute stage would be associated with greater improvements in ST and DT gait, balance, and cognitive performance, personal autonomy, disability, and quality of life in the short, medium and long terms after stroke.

Methods: This multicenter (n=12), two-arm, parallel-group, randomized (1:1), controlled clinical study is a superiority trial.

Association between prolonged exposure to long working hours and stroke subtypes in the CONSTANCES cohort.

Background: Though there is increasing evidence on the effect of long working hours (LWH) and stroke, few studies have distinguished stroke subtypes. We examined the associations between LWH and ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: From a national population-based cohort CONSTANCES, baseline questionnaires and initial health examinations were used to retrieve sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors from 2012 to 2018.

[Excess mortality in nursing homes during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic].

Overall mortality in France is 147 568 deaths since the first wave. Although accounting for nearly 20% of deaths in France, the excess mortality in long-term care facilities compared to previous years has not been fully studied. The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of residents in long-term care facilities, with highly dependent elderly patients being the most exposed to the risk of death, with deleterious effects linked to the effects of confinement, which in Ehpad has resulted in major isolation of residents and the appearance by care teams of cognitive disorders appearing or deteriorating in residents, as well as a significant loss of autonomy.

AbobotulinumtoxinA Doses in Upper and Lower Limb Spasticity: A Systematic Literature Review.

Disabling limb spasticity can result from stroke, traumatic brain injury or other disorders causing upper motor neuron lesions such as multiple sclerosis. Clinical studies have shown that abobotulinumtoxinA (AboBoNT-A) therapy reduces upper and lower limb spasticity in adults. However, physicians may administer potentially inadequate doses, given the lack of consensus on adjusting dose according to muscle volume, the wide dose ranges in the summary of product characteristics or cited in the published literature, and/or the high quantity of toxin available for injection.

The role of age, sex, and multimorbidity in 7-year change in prevalence of limitations in adults 60-94 years.

Recent data suggest a temporal trend in decline in functional limitations in older adults but whether this trend extends to the period after the 8th decade of life remains unclear. We examined change in prevalence of limitations in activities and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL and IADL) between 2008 and 2015 among adults of 60-94 years and the role of age, sex, multimorbidity; we also examined changes in severity of limitations. Data were drawn from two nationally representative surveys in 2008 (n = 13,593) and 2015 (n = 13,267).

International Recommendations to Manage Poststroke Equinovarus Foot Deformity Validated by a Panel of Experts Using Delphi.

Objective: To establish international recommendations for the management of spastic equinovarus foot deformity.

Design: Delphi method.

Setting: International study.

Determinants of disability at 6 months after stroke: The GRECogVASC Study.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the contributions of background disorders responsible for participation restriction as indexed by a structured interview for the modified Rankin Scale (mRS-SI).

Methods: A subset of 256 patients was assessed at 6 months after stroke using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), gait score, comprehensive cognitive battery (yielding a global cognitive Z-score), behavioral dysexecutive disorders (DDs), anxiety and depressive symptoms, epilepsy, and headache. Following bivariate analyses, determinants of participation restriction were selected using ordinal regression analysis with partial odds.

Association between osteoarthritis and the incidence of Parkinson's disease in the United Kingdom.

Background: Little is known on the potential relationship between osteoarthritis and Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Therefore, the objective of this retrospective cohort study was to analyze the association between osteoarthritis and the incidence of Parkinson's disease in patients followed up for up to 10 years in general practices in the United Kingdom.

Methods: This study included patients diagnosed for the first time with osteoarthritis in one of 256 general practices in the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2016 (index date).

Sexual Orientation and Functional Limitations: Cross-sectional Analyses From the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey.

Objective: To assess the association between sexual orientation and functional limitations in a large representative sample of the English population.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Data were from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey.

The association of APOE ε4 with cognitive function over the adult life course and incidence of dementia: 20 years follow-up of the Whitehall II study.

Background: Approximately 25% of the general population carries at least one ε4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE ε4), the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease. Beyond its association with late-onset dementia, the association between APOE ε4 and change in cognition over the adult life course remains uncertain. This study aims to examine whether the association between Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 zygosity and cognition function is modified between midlife and old age.

Healthy behaviors at age 50 years and frailty at older ages in a 20-year follow-up of the UK Whitehall II cohort: A longitudinal study.

Background: Frailty is associated with increased risk of various health conditions, disability, and death. Health behaviors are thought to be a potential target for frailty prevention, but the evidence from previous studies is based on older populations with short follow-ups, making results susceptible to reverse causation bias. We examined the associations of healthy behaviors at age 50, singly and in combination, as well as 10-year change in the number of healthy behaviors over midlife with future risk of frailty.

Social inequalities in multimorbidity, frailty, disability, and transitions to mortality: a 24-year follow-up of the Whitehall II cohort study.

Background: Social inequalities in mortality persist in high-income countries with universal health care, and the mechanisms by which these inequalities are generated remain unclear. We aimed to examine whether social inequalities were present before or after the onset of adverse health conditions (multimorbidity, frailty, and disability).

Methods: Our analysis was based on data from the ongoing Whitehall II cohort study, which enrolled British civil servants aged 35-55 years in 1985-88.

Association of ideal cardiovascular health at age 50 with incidence of dementia: 25 year follow-up of Whitehall II cohort study.

Objectives: To examine the association between the Life Simple 7 cardiovascular health score at age 50 and incidence of dementia.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Civil service departments in London (Whitehall II study; study inception 1985-88).