Nasopharyngeal Codetection of Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae Shapes Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Outcomes in Children.

Background: The role of nasopharyngeal bacteria in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease has been underestimated. We measured the frequency and burden of respiratory bacteria in the upper respiratory tract of infants with RSV infection over 7 respiratory seasons, and their impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: Children <2 years old with mild (outpatients, n=115) or severe (inpatients, n=566) RSV infection, and matched healthy controls (n=161) were enrolled.

Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: Myths and Facts.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death in children < 5 years of age worldwide. It is also one of the most frequent infectious diseases in children, leading to large antibiotic use and hospitalization even in the industrialized countries. However, the optimal management of CAP in children is still not well defined.