Better off alone? Comparing the substance use, mental health and trauma risks of youth alcohol and other drug service users either living in out of home care, living with parents or experiencing homelessness.

Introduction: All young people seeking assistance from youth alcohol and other drug services require support to help them minimise the harms from their substance use and continue to develop healthy and meaningful lives. A particular focus on young people in residential out of home care (OoHC) highlights the increased risks of substance use, mental health issues and continued vulnerabilities in this group. While in the past, research contrasted this group with young people living at home, this study contrasted young people in OoHC with homeless youths alongside those living with parents.

Which behaviours? Identifying the most common and burdensome behaviour changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Behaviour change is increasingly recognised as a common feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and may be similar to that seen in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The behaviours most disturbed in ALS, and those that relate most significantly to caregiver burden, however, have not been well established. Forty ALS participants and their caregivers, and 27 age- and gender-matched healthy controls and their relatives, participated in this study.

Comparing neurocognition in severe chronic schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia.

Objective: Previous research has suggested cognitive similarities between schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia. In the current study, we compared neurocognition in a group of hospitalised patients with chronic schizophrenia, who may have a more severe form of schizophrenia resembling Emil Kraepelin's dementia praecox, with patients with frontotemporal dementia. We hypothesised minimal group differences in cognitive performance, and a large overlap in between-group score distributions in each cognitive domain.

Temporal dissociation between distractors and targets: the impact of residual distractor processing on target responses.

The authors manipulated the extent of distractor interference with learned, mapped responses by presenting distractors to participants (N = 16) before, simultaneously with, or after the target. Interference was significantly less when the distractor preceded the target's presentation by 200 ms than when distractor and target were presented simultaneously. Interference decreased progressively with increasing intervals.

The impact of Degraded distractors on (Nondegraded) target identification.

In this series of experiments, based on Biederman's Recognition by Components theory, we postulate that corners (vertices) of objects are crucial in programming and execution of goal-directed action. We used a distractor interference paradigm to present line drawings of letters (M and W) with distractors (also M and W), which were either nondegraded or degraded (that is, corners or line segments missing). Degraded distractors caused less interference overall (reduced response times and errors) than Nondegraded distractors, when these were presented peripherally or at fixation (Experiments 1 and 2).