The treatment of articular cartilage injuries with mesenchymal stem cells in different animal species.

One of the major problems observed in veterinary practice is articular cartilage injuries in animals. In terms of agriculture, it leads to their culling from the herd, even if they are highly productive animals. With companion animals, owners usually have to decide between euthanasia or long-term sometimes lifelong treatment of the injury by a veterinarian.

Application of gene therapy in the treatment of superficial digital flexor tendon injury in horses.

Background: Tendon injuries are one of the most common causes of orthopedic disorders in horses. Such injuries involve a long course of treatment and recovery. The most promising method of treating these injuries is the use of recombinant proteins and gene therapy.

[Evaluation of the influence of culturing on the intensity of biofilm formation by Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.].

Due to the prevalence of biofilm infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, in laboratory diagnostic practice it has a great importance to obtain a standard model of Klebsiella biofilm for evaluating the bactericidal effect and effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs. Describes the method of Klebsiella biofilms formation in vitro. The intensity of biofilm formation was evaluated by the ability of bacteria to bind the crystal violet.

[Evaluation of anti-candida activity of metabolites of enterococcal clinical isolates.].

When studying the effect of the metabolic products of clinical isolates of enterococci on the viability of Candida albicans, it was found that metabolites of all tested strains of Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis had a fungistatic effect. At the same time a reliable fungicidal effect is a strain-specific feature.

[Magnesium and vitamin B status of children with bronchial asthma and obesity].

Insufficiency or deficiency of some micronutrients may be additional modifying factors that influence the pathogenesis of the disease and the effectiveness of standard pharmacotherapy. of the study - to evaluate the level of magnesium and vitamin B in blood serum of patients with bronchial asthma and obesity in order to develop methods for individual correction of deficiency. .

Cowpox in a human, Russia, 2015.

We investigated the first laboratory-confirmed human case of cowpox virus infection in Russia since 1991. Phylogenetic studies of haemagglutinin, TNF-α receptor-like protein and thymidine kinase regions showed significant differences with known orthopoxviruses, including unique amino-acid substitutions and deletions. The described cowpox virus strain, taking into account differences, is genetically closely related to strains isolated years ago in the same geographical region (European part of Russia and Finland), which suggests circulation of viral strains with common origin in wild rodents without spread over long distances and appearance in other parts of the world.

NSimScan: DNA comparison tool with increased speed, sensitivity and accuracy.

Unlabelled: Nucleotide Similarity Scanner (NSimScan) is specialized for searching massive DNA databases for distant similarities. Its targeted applications include phylogenomics, comparative and functional studies of non-coding sequences, contamination detection, etc. NSimScan outperforms industry standard tools in combined sensitivity, accuracy and speed, operating at sensitivity similar to BLAST, accuracy of ssearch and speed of MegaBLAST.

[Two cases of hydrophobia in the Republic of Tatarstan: in vivo and postmortem laboratory diagnosis].

The results of rabies in vivo and postmortem laboratory detection in two cases registered in the Republic of Tatarstan are reported: a victim bitten by a wolf in 2002 and another one bitten by a stray dog on Goa Island, India, in 2013. In the patient bitten by a wolf cornea imprints studies using the method of fluorescent antibodies (MFA) showed rabies-positive result 6 days before the patient's death. The results were confirmed by postmortem examination of different parts of the brain and salivary glands using the MFA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), optical microscopy, and bioassay methods.

PSimScan: algorithm and utility for fast protein similarity search.

In the era of metagenomics and diagnostics sequencing, the importance of protein comparison methods of boosted performance cannot be overstated. Here we present PSimScan (Protein Similarity Scanner), a flexible open source protein similarity search tool which provides a significant gain in speed compared to BLASTP at the price of controlled sensitivity loss. The PSimScan algorithm introduces a number of novel performance optimization methods that can be further used by the community to improve the speed and lower hardware requirements of bioinformatics software.

Markers of transmembrane and energy exchange in cells of terminal placental villi in spontaneous and induced pregnancy.

We performed a comparative morphological study of the placentas in spontaneous and induced pregnancy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed pronounced decrease in the expression of markers of transmembrane (α-SNAP 23, annexin 3) and energy (ferritin light chain, ATP5J) in placental terminal villi.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors of trophoblast cells in miscarriage.

Comparative histological study of uterine curettage specimens in missed abortion in women with spontaneous and induced pregnancy and progressing spontaneous pregnancy revealed similar changes in the endometrium and placental villi. Immunohistochemical assay showed enhanced expression of PPARγ and increased proliferation index (Ki-67) in cells of the villous and extravillous trophoblasts in missed abortion.

Fifteen minute stories about training.

This panel presentation at the Journal's conference in St Petersburg responded to the conference theme of 'Ancestors in Personal, Professional and Social History' by relating it to the experience of training and being trained on the IAAP 'router' programme in Russia. The two organizers of the programme (JW and CC) have worked in Russia for over 12 years, bringing analysts from Britain to Moscow and St Petersburg on a 'shuttle' basis as supervisors and personal analysts. A few months after handing over the router programme in December 2010 to the Russian colleagues they had trained, they invited four analysts, three Russian and one Belarusian, to tell a short personal story about their training, linking it to the theme of 'the Ancestors'.

Activation of the hTERT expression in squamous cell cervical carcinoma is not associated with gene amplification.

The hTERT gene encodes the telomerase catalytic subunit that plays a key role in cancer cell immortalization. Earlier, hTERT amplification was detected in squamous cell cervical carcinomas (SCC), however possible relations between elevated hTERT mRNA level and gene amplification was not studied. Here, we compared the hTERT expression and copy number in the same tumors by quantitative real-time PCR.

Prefrontal control of respiration.

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that different parts of the prefrontal cortex could be involved in respiratory control. This hypothesis was tested by examining the changes in respiratory pattern produced by low intensity electrical stimulation of the insular and infralimbic cortex. The experiments were performed on the anaesthetised rats.

Effect of central hypervolemia on respiratory function.

Effects of central hypervolemia on respiratory function and compensatory capabilities of the respiratory system were studied in the anesthetized, vagally intact or vagotomized rats. Central hypervolemia was induced by a head-down tilt on -30 degree rotation. The tilt evoked an elevation of central venous pressure (from -2+/-0.

Perspective on OECD activities from a non-member country.

The OECD Blue Book, "Recombinant DNA: Safety Considerations" was published in 1986. The developed principles and concepts on the stepwise and case-by-case approach for risk assessment in the Blue Book have been used as a foundation for building national biosafety frameworks and international instruments for the regulation of the products of modern biotechnology. Twenty years after the Blue Book was published, OECD continues its activities on unique identifier systems, information-sharing, consensus documents for the biology of crops, trees and microorganisms with respect to harmonization of regulatory oversight and those of novel food and feed safety.

Databases on biotechnology and biosafety of GMOs.

Due to the involvement of scientific, industrial, commercial and public sectors of society, the complexity of the issues concerning the safety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for the environment, agriculture, and human and animal health calls for a wide coverage of information. Accordingly, development of the field of biotechnology, along with concerns related to the fate of released GMOs, has led to a rapid development of tools for disseminating such information. As a result, there is a growing number of databases aimed at collecting and storing information related to GMOs.

Role of polyamines in the function of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappaB in breast cancer cells.

Unlabelled: The aim of the work was the investigation of the influence of polyamines on formation of nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) complex with specific DNA-sequences nuclear response elements (NRE), and the study of content of p50 and p65 (NF-kappaB subunits) in breast tumor cells under polyamines metabolism modulation.

Methods: The model experiments in vitro were carried out on cultured MCF-7 cells, in vivo experiments -- on experimental Ca755 and Walker-256 tumors using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Western-blotting analysis.

Results: The data have demonstrated that polyamines falicitated p50 -- NRE binding.

Incorporation of monoclonal antibodies in living rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Evidence for the intracellular formation of immune complex between the incorporated antibody and a target protein.

PC12 cells permeabilized with a low concentration of digitonin (5 microM) under controlled conditions were loaded with monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) against the regulatory subunit type II (RII) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. After digitonin removal from the nutrient medium (DMEM) the loaded cells repaired within 20-30 min and recontinued growth. The inserted MoAb stayed in the repaired cells at least for several hours.

Mass effect and death from severe acute stroke.

Background: In severe acute stroke, the degree of midline cerebral displacement is related to level of consciousness but not to survival. Early identification of patients at high risk of death from mass effect would assist patient management decisions.

Methods: We measured lesion volume, horizontal pineal displacement (PD), and horizontal septum pellucidum displacement (SD) on axial CT of consecutive patients with severe (Canadian Neurological Scale score < or = 5) acute hemispheric stroke.

c-Raf kinase binds to N-terminal domain of c-Myc.

We have demonstrated that the 50 N-terminal amino acids of c-Myc bind a kinase activity, which phosphorylates Myc in vitro predominantly on Thr8. We also have shown that c-Raf, a widely known Ser/Thr kinase, involved in the Ras signaling pathway, binds to the same portion of c-Myc in vitro. In addition we were able to precipitate native c-Myc/Raf complex from various cell lysates.

The clinical value of methods to measure carotid stenosis.

Background: The North American (NASCET) and European (ECST) carotid surgery trials have shown a surgical benefit for symptomatic stenosis greater than 70%. The Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Surgery (ACAS) trial have shown some benefit for the stenosis greater than 60%. Although the NASCET/ACAS angiographic methods were similar, these are discrepant from ECST and have technical limitations inherent to measurement of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) or guessing the ICA bulb diameter.

Properties of the regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II from human brain.

The regulatory subunit type II (RII) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase purified from human brain was represented by two proteins with apparent molecular masses of 51-52 kD and 54 kD. Dephosphorylation of human RII containing 3 mol phosphate/mol protein did not change the electrophoretic pattern. One-dimensional peptide mapping of 51-52 kD and 54 kD proteins after digestion with St.

Stable nuclear transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with a Streptomyces rimosus gene as the selective marker.

The aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase type VIII (APHVIII) encoding gene (aphVIII) from Streptomyces rimosus was introduced by glass-bead high-efficiency transformation into the nuclear genome of green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for induction of transformants resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics. The aphVIII structural sequence was flanked by S. rimosus regulatory sequences which failed to direct expression in C.