Evaluation of 10-minute post-injection 11C-PiB PET and its correlation with 18F-FDG PET in older adults who are cognitively healthy, mildly impaired, or with probable Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Positron emission tomography (PET) allows in vivo evaluation of molecular targets in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Mild cognitive impairment is an intermediate stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer-type dementia. In vivo fibrillar amyloid-beta can be detected in PET using [11C]-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB).

imaging evidence of poor cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease pathology in subjects with very low cognitive reserve from a low-middle income environment.

Introduction: Reduced cognitive reserve (CR) due to very low educational (VLE) levels may influence high dementia rates in low-middle income environments, leading to decreased cognitive resilience (RES) to Alzheimer´s disease (AD) pathology. However, findings in VLE groups confirming this prediction are lacking.

Methods: Cognitively impaired patients (with clinically defined AD dementia or amnestic mild cognitive impairment) and cognitively unimpaired older adults (n = 126) were recruited for a positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation in Brazil, including 37 VLE individuals (≤5 years of education).

Correction to: Brain PET amyloid and neurodegeneration biomarkers in the context of the 2018 NIA-AA research framework: an individual approach exploring clinical-biomarker mismatches and sociodemographic parameters.

In the last paragraph of the subsession "Recruitment of the study population and clinical Evaluation" (Material and methods session).

Brain PET amyloid and neurodegeneration biomarkers in the context of the 2018 NIA-AA research framework: an individual approach exploring clinical-biomarker mismatches and sociodemographic parameters.

Purpose: [F]FDG-PET and [C]PIB-PET are validated as neurodegeneration and amyloid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We used a PET staging system based on the 2018 NIA-AA research framework to compare the proportion of amyloid positivity (A+) and hypometabolism ((N)+) in cases of mild probable AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and healthy controls, incorporating an additional classification of abnormal [F]FDG-PET patterns and investigating the co-occurrence of such with A+, exploring [F]FDG-PET to generate hypotheses in cases presenting with clinical-biomarker "mismatches."

Methods: Elderly individuals (N = 108) clinically classified as controls (N = 27), aMCI (N = 43) or mild probable AD (N = 38) were included.

[C]PIB PET imaging can detect white and grey matter demyelination in a non-human primate model of progressive multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Its diagnosis is clinical, often confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. This image modality, however, is not ideal for discrimination of demyelination in grey and white matter regions from inflammatory lesions.

Topography of 11C-Pittsburgh compound B uptake in Alzheimer's disease: a voxel-based investigation of cortical and white matter regions.

Objective: To compare results of positron emission tomography (PET) with carbon-11-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PIB) obtained with cerebellar or global brain uptake for voxel intensity normalization, describe the cortical sites with highest tracer uptake in subjects with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), and explore possible group differences in 11C-PIB binding to white matter.

Methods: 11C-PIB PET scans were acquired from subjects with AD (n=17) and healthy elderly controls (n=19). Voxel-based analysis was performed with statistical parametric mapping (SPM).

F-Fluoride PET/CT and Tc-MDP SPECT/CT can detect bone cancer at early stage in rodents.

Noninvasive imaging using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) are considered revolutionized approaches to detect bone cancer. Both PET/CT and SPECT/CT technologies have advanced to permit miniaturization, which has provided the advantage of including animals as their own controls in longitudinal studies. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential of PET/CT and SPECT/CT as research tools to detect bone cancer in rats.

The contributions of dipeptidyl peptidase IV to inflammation in heart failure.

Circulating dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) activity correlates with cardiac dysfunction in humans and experimental heart failure (HF) models. Similarly, inflammatory markers are associated with poorer outcomes in HF patients. However, the contributions of DPPIV to inflammation in HF remain elusive.

SUV Normalized by Skeletal Volume on 18F-Fluoride PET/CT Studies.

Objective: To propose a technique for SUV normalization on F-fluoride PET/CT (F-NaF) studies based on skeletal volume and to compare the SUVs normalized by this technique with the ones normalized by body weight.

Methods: SUVs were obtained in volumes of interest (VOIs) in proximal diaphyseal regions of the right humerus (HD) and right femur (FD) in 12 selected F-NaF studies. The 12 studies presented both regions considered normal by visual examination on PET and CT and were performed in patients presenting body weight below 50 kg (B50) or above 90 kg (A90) (6 patients in each group).

Evaluation of GX1 and RGD-GX1 peptides as new radiotracers for angiogenesis evaluation in experimental glioma models.

Gliomas are the most common type among all central nervous system tumors. The aggressiveness of gliomas is correlated with the level of angiogenesis and is often associated with prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the novel GX1 peptide and the heterodimer RGD-GX1 radiolabeled with technetium-99m, for angiogenesis detection in glioma models.

Dose Calibrator Linearity Testing: Radioisotope (99m)Tc or (18)F? An Alternative for Reducing Costs in Nuclear Medicine Quality Control.

Dose calibrator linearity testing is indispensable for evaluating the capacity of this equipment in measuring radioisotope activities at different magnitudes, a fundamental aspect of the daily routine of a nuclear medicine department, and with an impact on patient exposure. The main aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of substituting the radioisotope Fluorine-18 ((18)F) with Technetium-99m ((99m)Tc) in this test, and to indicate it with the lowest operational cost. The test was applied with sources of (99m)Tc (62 GBq) and (18)F (12 GBq), the activities of which were measured at different times, with the equipment preadjusted to measuring sources of (99m)Tc, (18)F, Gallium-67 ((67)Ga), and Iodine-131 ((131)I).

Dose calibrator linearity test: (99m)Tc versus (18)F radioisotopes.

Objective: The present study was aimed at evaluating the viability of replacing (18)F with (99m)Tc in dose calibrator linearity testing.

Materials And Methods: The test was performed with sources of (99m)Tc (62 GBq) and (18)F (12 GBq) whose activities were measured up to values lower than 1 MBq. Ratios and deviations between experimental and theoretical (99m)Tc and (18)F sources activities were calculated and subsequently compared.

Effect of intertrochanteric osteotomy on the proximal femur of rabbits: assessment with power Doppler sonography and scintigraphy.

Objective: In bone injury, repair results in local increased vascularity and bone marrow remodeling. Characterizing the vascular and metabolic imaging patterns of the proximal femur following an intertrochanteric osteotomy may help clinicians decide proper management of the patient. Our objective was to measure Doppler sonography and scintigraphy interval changes in the proximal femur following intertrochanteric osteotomy and compare imaging and histomorphometric measurements in the late post-operative stage (6 weeks after surgery) in a rabbit model of bone injury.