The generalized forced oscillation method for tuning PID controllers.

In this paper a generalized tuning methodology for proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers is proposed. The methodology is akin to the Ziegler-Nichols forced oscillation method, inheriting fully its practical appeal, but can be applied to much more general classes of plants. This generalization is achieved by employing a relay with adjustable phase (RAP) in a relay feedback experiment, and the tuning consists of formulas based on measurements obtained from this experiment.