Prevalence of Frailty Phenotypes in Older People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study from Brazil.

Background: Frailty may affect people living with HIV (PLHIV) prematurely. Fried's frailty phenotype, composed of 5 criteria, is one of the most used instruments for its assessment. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these criteria among PLHIV classified as prefrail and frail in Brazil.

Severe dengue in the intensive care unit.

Dengue fever is considered the most prolific vector-borne disease in the world, with its transmission rate increasing more than eight times in the last two decades. While most cases present mild to moderate symptoms, 5% of patients can develop severe disease. Although the mechanisms are yet not fully comprehended, immune-mediated activation leading to excessive cytokine expression is suggested as a cause of the two main findings in critical patients: increased vascular permeability that may shock and thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathy that can induce hemorrhage.

Frailty in people 50 years or older living with HIV: A sex perspective.

Objective: To estimate prefrailty and frailty prevalence and associated factors in people living with HIV (PLHIV) from a sex perspective.

Methods: Cross-sectional study on PLHIV at specialized public health centres in Brazil. Data were obtained from individuals aged ≥50 years using antiretroviral therapy (ART) and with an undetectable viral load through personal interviews, clinical evaluations and medical records.

Critical appraisal of international adult bronchiectasis guidelines using the AGREE II tool.

Background: Guidelines aim to standardize and optimize diagnosis and management. We evaluated the quality of evidence supporting recommendations from different international adult guidelines on bronchiectasis, and classified with the GRADE system.

Methods: Quality of eligible clinical practice guidelines was assessed for six domains using the AGREE II tool, with ≥ 80% rating as excellent.

In COVID-19, NLRP3 inflammasome genetic variants are associated with critical disease and these effects are partly mediated by the sickness symptom complex: a nomothetic network approach.

In coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is activated in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Acute infections are accompanied by a sickness symptom complex (SSC) which is highly conserved and protects against infections and hyperinflammation. The aim of this study is to delineate the associations of COVID-19, SSC and NLPR3 rs10157379 T > C and NLPR3 rs10754558 C > G variants; and the protective role of SSC in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Neuraminidase inhibitors and single dose baloxavir are effective and safe in uncomplicated influenza: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Scarce evidence verifying the clinical impact of baloxavir on influenza complications is found.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched through December 2020. Randomized-controlled trials (RCT) that enrolled patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza receiving neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) or baloxavir comparing to placebo were assessed.