Exploring psychosocial factors influencing sexually transmitted infection intention testing among medical students: a cross-sectional study in two universities.

Background: Despite the significant global burden of sexually transmitted infections (STI), detection rates are poor. Acceptance of these tests is influenced by several factors that have not been explored among Colombian medical students.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the behaviors and psychosocial factors toward STI screening among medical students of two universities in Pereira, Colombia, between March and June 2020.

Comparative analysis of patients with new onset refractory status epilepticus preceded by fever (febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome) versus without prior fever: An interim analysis.

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a subset of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) that involves a febrile infection prior to the onset of the refractory status epilepticus. It is unclear whether FIRES and non-FIRES NORSE are distinct conditions. Here, we compare 34 patients with FIRES to 30 patients with non-FIRES NORSE for demographics, clinical features, neuroimaging, and outcomes.

Long-term in vivo three-photon imaging reveals region-specific differences in healthy and regenerative oligodendrogenesis.

The generation of new myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the adult central nervous system is critical for cognitive function and regeneration following injury. Oligodendrogenesis varies between gray and white matter regions, suggesting that local cues drive regional differences in myelination and the capacity for regeneration. However, the layer- and region-specific regulation of oligodendrocyte populations is unclear due to the inability to monitor deep brain structures in vivo.

Cerebral Myiasis, An Unexpected Intraoperative Finding - A Case Report and Systematic Review.

Postoperative complications, exemplified by surgical site infections, are commonplace in the realm of daily surgical interventions. Conversely, certain infectious entities, such as cerebral myiasis (CM), are distinctly rare. This report elucidates the clinical presentation of a 74-year-old female afflicted with a CSF fistula, within the context of a preceding surgical microvascular decompression employing a suboccipital craniotomy approach.

Frequency of abnormal findings on chest radiograph after positive PPD in children and adolescents in an urban setting in the United States.

Background: Chest radiographs (CXR) for tuberculosis (TB) screening in children are valuable in high-burden settings. However, less certain in low prevalence contexts. In the United States, positive PPD is sufficient to treat for "latent" TB, or TB infection in asymptomatic patients.

Long-term three-photon imaging reveals region-specific differences in healthy and regenerative oligodendrogenesis.

The generation of new myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the adult CNS is critical for cognitive function and regeneration following injury. Oligodendrogenesis varies between gray and white matter regions suggesting that local cues drive regional differences in myelination and the capacity for regeneration. Yet, the determination of regional variability in oligodendrocyte cell behavior is limited by the inability to monitor the dynamics of oligodendrocytes and their transcriptional subpopulations in white matter of the living brain.

Effects of Myopia on Rates of Change in Optical Coherence Tomography Measured Retinal Layer Thicknesses in People with Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls.

Purpose: To quantify the associations of myopia with longitudinal changes in retinal layer thicknesses in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and healthy controls (HC).

Methods: A cohort of PwMS and HC with recorded refractive error (RE) prospectively scanned on Cirrus HD-OCT at the Johns Hopkins MS Center was assessed for inclusion. Exclusion criteria included OCT follow-up < 6 months, ocular comorbidities, incidental OCT pathologies, and inadequate scan quality.

Social Participation in Health: A Community-Based Participatory Research Approach to Capacity Building in Two Colombian Communities.

Background: In Latin America, community participation in health issues is subject to corrupt and self-serving interest. Research recommends strengthening communities' abilities to develop actions that involve them in the coproduction of their health.

Objectives: This study aims (1) to understand social participation in health based on the discourse of community leaders and institutional representatives and (2) to design and implement an educational strategy for capacity building within two communities in Colombia.

Usefulness of Malachite-Green LAMP for Diagnosis of Plasmodium and Five Human Malaria Species in a Nonendemic Setting.

Molecular methods are necessary to detect low-density malaria infections. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of six malachite-green loop-mediated amplification method (MG-LAMP) assays (MG-LAMP-Pf, MG-LAMP-Pv, MG-LAMP-Po, MG-LAMP-Pm, MG-LAMP-Pk, and MG-LAMP-Pspp) for the species-specific detection of each human Plasmodium, including P. knowlesi, and the Plasmodium genus compared with the nested-multiplex malaria polymerase chain reaction (NM-PCR), using 161 malaria-positive and 274 malaria-negative samples.

Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index as a Pre-eclampsia Predictor in the 3 Trimesters in Women with Singleton Pregnancies.

Objective:  To evaluate the mean uterine artery pulsatility index (UtAPI) in each trimester of pregnancy as a predictor of early or late pre-eclampsia (PE) in Colombian pregnant women.

Methods:  The UtAPI was measured in singleton pregnancies in each trimester. Uterine artery pulsatility index as predictor of PE was evaluated by odds ratio (OR), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Kaplan-Meier diagram.

Prevention of preterm birth in twin pregnancies.

Twins represent 3.2% of all live births; however, they account for 20.0% of all preterm deliveries, with 60.

Screening for preterm birth in twin pregnancies.

Twins represent 3.2% of all live births. However, they account for 20% of all preterm deliveries, with 60% delivered before 37 weeks and 10.

Assessment of Commercial Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Malaria Infection in a Non-Endemic Setting.

Malaria control and elimination require prompt diagnosis and accurate treatment. Conventional methods such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and microscopy lack the characteristics to detect low parasitemias, commonly found in asymptomatic parasitemias and/or submicroscopic malaria carriers. On the contrary, molecular methods have higher sensitivity and specificity.

Patient values in healthcare decision making among diverse older adults.

Objective: To provide high-quality healthcare, it is essential to understand values that guide the healthcare decisions of older adults. We investigated the types of values that culturally diverse older adults incorporate in medical decision making.

Methods: Focus groups were held with older adults who varied in cognitive status (mildly impaired versus those with normal cognition) and ethnicity (Hispanic and non-Hispanic).

Stiffness, pain, and joint counts in chronic chikungunya disease: relevance to disability and quality of life.

Introduction/objectives: To characterize the importance of musculoskeletal stiffness in a cohort of chikungunya patients with chronic joint symptoms.

Method: Eighty-two patients were followed up 3 years after chikungunya infection. Tender and swollen joint counts, a pain intensity scale, Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), and the EuroQol EQ-5D quality of life instrument were completed.

[Expressed Emotions, Burden and Family Functioning in Schizophrenic and Bipolar I Patients of a Multimodal Intervention Program: PRISMA].

Introduction: Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are causes of major suffering in patients. Nevertheless, they also affect family and caregiver functioning. This is important because the participation and involvement of families and caregivers is essential to achieve an optimal treatment.

Frequency and tendency of malaria in Colombia, 1990 to 2011: a descriptive study.

Background: Malaria is a serious health problem in Colombia. This paper intends to analyse the frequency and tendencies of the disease in Colombia over the last 22 years. The researchers used the Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) methodology for the analysis of time series.

[Mortality associated with peak seasons of influenza virus circulation in Bogotá, Colombia, 1997-2005].

Objective: To estimate potential excess mortality attributable to influenza viruses A and B and human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) during peak seasons of influenza virus circulation in Colombia from 1997 to 2005.

Methods: A comparison of monthly, general mortality rates from pneumonia in children under 5 years of age and from pneumonia and cardiovascular disease in those more than 60 years of age in Bogota, Colombia, were compared to the city's peak seasons of influenza virus circulation. Mortality data were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics of Colombia; peak seasons of virus circulation were defined as contiguous months in which the number of isolates was equal to or greater than half the total number of isolates for the year.