Giant Bochdalek Hernia: A Minimally Invasive Transabdominal Approach.

A Bochdalek hernia is the most common congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). It can rarely evade prenatal detection and persist into adulthood with minimal symptoms. Large CDH repair has often required an open approach in the past.

Tracheal Transection From Gunshot Wound to the Neck.

A male patient presented with a gunshot wound superior to his left scapula and difficulty breathing. En route to the emergency department, he rapidly became unresponsive, culminating in a cricothyroidotomy by paramedics. Oxygen saturation was 70% on arrival, and a tracheobronchial injury was suspected.

Endocardial and Epicardial Rhythmia HDx™ Mapping Verifies Surgical Cox Maze IV Lesion Pattern.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most common cardiac dysarrhythmia, with a significant impact on the health-care economy. AF occurs as a result of electrical conduction delays within the atrial tissue, which may stem from fibrosis or other mediators that alter atrial tissue conduction substrate. The Cox maze III and IV procedures block these reentry circuits by directly dividing, or breaking, the self-perpetuating circuit and by isolating these circuits away from the intrinsic cardiac conduction pathway.

Rare Presentation of a Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm.

• Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm rupture is usually accompanied by heart failure symptoms. • Infected ruptured Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is rare. • In patients without heart failure symptoms, prompt identification is crucial.