An Update on Implant-Associated Malignancies and Their Biocompatibility.

Implanted medical devices are widely used across various medical specialties for numerous applications, ranging from cardiovascular supports to orthopedic prostheses and cosmetic enhancements. However, recent observations have raised concerns about the potential of these implants to induce malignancies in the tissues surrounding them. There have been several case reports documenting the occurrence of cancers adjacent to these devices, prompting a closer examination of their safety.

Direct-to-Implant vs Tissue Expander Placement in Immediate Breast Reconstruction: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction after mastectomy has gained increasing popularity. While concerns over ischemic complications related to tension on the mastectomy flap persist, newer techniques and technologies have enhanced safety of this technique.

Objectives: To compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes of DTI and 2-stage tissue expander (TE) reconstruction.

Cortiva versus AlloDerm in Prepectoral and Partial Submuscular Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Several acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) are used for soft-tissue support in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Little high-level evidence supports the use of one ADM over another. The authors sought to compare Cortiva 1-mm Allograft Dermis with AlloDerm RTU (ready to use), the most studied ADM in the literature.

Free functional muscle transfer for lower extremity reconstruction.

Background: Free functional muscle transfer is a reconstructive strategy for the reconstruction of lost muscle units in the lower extremity after oncologic resection, trauma, compartment syndrome, or severe nerve injuries. Under appropriate circumstances, free functional muscle transfer may be the only suitable reconstructive option. This article reviews the underlying principles of free functional muscle transfer, its application to lower extremity reconstruction, appropriate patient selection, and surgical techniques.

Clinical Results of Mentor MemoryGel Xtra Breast Implants From the GLOW Clinical Trial.

Background: Mentor MemoryGel Xtra breast implants (Mentor Worldwide LLC, Irvine, CA) were designed to maintain the soft, natural feel of MemoryGel implants while increasing fullness and projection and minimizing wrinkling, rippling, and related complications through optimization of shell gel-fill.

Objectives: To measure 3-year safety and effectiveness of MemoryGel Xtra breast implants in the Mentor MemoryGel and MemoryShape Combined Cohort Clinical Study.

Methods: Participants were implanted with MemoryGel Xtra breast implants in a prospective, multicenter clinical trial.

The evaluation of the delayed swollen breast in patients with a history of breast implants.

Breast implants, whether placed for reconstructive or cosmetic purposes, are rarely lifetime devices. Rupture, resulting from compromised implant shell integrity, and capsular contracture caused by constriction of the specialized scar tissue that normally forms around breast implants, have long been recognized, and remain the leading causes of implant failure. It is apparent, however, that women with breast implants may also experience delayed breast swelling due to a range of etiologic factors.

Immediate Postmastectomy Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: An Outpatient Procedure?

Background: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) poses unique challenges for breast reconstruction. At the authors' institution, COVID-19 postoperative protocols mandated patients undergoing immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction transition from 23-hour postoperative observation to same-day discharge. The authors sought to compare complications and hospital costs between these groups.

Dispose with dish soap: A simple and convenient method to increase proper opioid disposal in postoperative pediatric patients.

Background: The opioid abuse crisis is rampant in the United States. Children and adolescents are unique risk groups in this crisis; age-specific concerns include accidental ingestion and association with high-risk behaviors. Studies aimed at disposal are limited in pediatric patients.

Women in Leadership and Their Influence on the Gender Diversity of Academic Plastic Surgery Programs.

Background: Women seldom reach the highest leadership positions in academic plastic surgery. Contributing factors include lack of female role models/mentors and lack of gender diversity. Studies show that female role models and mentors are critical for recruiting and retaining female surgeons and that gender diversity within organizations more strongly influences women's career choices.

Inpatient Versus Outpatient Management of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Pediatric Patients.

Background: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is commonly used to manage complex wounds in the pediatric population. With recently developed portable NPWT devices, providers have the opportunity to transition NPWT to the outpatient setting. However, there are no studies describing outpatient NPWT in pediatric patients.

What is Normal? Neuromuscular junction reinnervation after nerve injury.

Introduction: In this study we present a reproducible technique to assess motor recovery after nerve injury via neuromuscular junction (NMJ) immunostaining and electrodiagnostic testing.

Methods: Wild-type mice underwent sciatic nerve transection with repair. Hindlimb muscles were collected for microscopy up to 30 weeks after injury.

Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy in Infants and Children: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Although the safety and benefits of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) have been clearly demonstrated in the adult population, studies evaluating the safety and describing the use of NPWT in the pediatric population have been limited. Given this paucity, the goals of this study were to (1) evaluate the literature dedicated to NPWT use in infants and children and (2) leverage a population-level analysis to describe the experience of NPWT use in the pediatric population.

Materials And Methods: We performed a literature review and analyzed the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims Databases from 2006 to 2014 to identify infants and children treated with NPWT.

Clinical relevance of terminal Schwann cells: An overlooked component of the neuromuscular junction.

The terminal Schwann cell (tSC), a type of nonmyelinating Schwann cell, is a significant yet relatively understudied component of the neuromuscular junction. In addition to reviewing the role tSCs play on formation, maintenance, and remodeling of the synapse, we review studies that implicate tSCs in neuromuscular diseases including spinal muscular atrophy, Miller-Fisher syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, among others. We also discuss the importance of these cells on degeneration and regeneration after nerve injury.

Roles of the Microsurgeon and Anesthesiologist in the Treatment of Neonatal Upper Extremity Arterial Thrombosis: A Case Report.

We present a rare case of a newborn with spontaneous, noniatrogenic arterial thromboembolism in the right brachial artery and accompanying ischemic changes to the right upper extremity, who was successfully treated with microsurgical intervention and ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block with a continuous infusion of ropivacaine for 48 hours. This case report highlights the emerging role of both the microsurgeon and anesthesiologist in management of spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism.