An Update to Scientific Decision Making: The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' Scientific Integrity Principles.

In 2015, the Council on Research published their vision for scientific decision making, which provided nutrition and dietetics practitioners and practitioners-in-training key information on the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' newly developed scientific integrity principles. Given that it has been 7 years since the original publication, it was believed the original six principles should be revisited and updated. From the Subcommittee on Scientific Integrity Principles under the Council on Research, the 2015 principles were evaluated and updated with new literature and best practices for maintaining scientific integrity principles.

Normal range of human dietary sodium intake: a perspective based on 24-hour urinary sodium excretion worldwide.

Background: The recommendation to restrict dietary sodium for management of hypertensive cardiovascular disease assumes that sodium intake exceeds physiologic need, that it can be significantly reduced, and that the reduction can be maintained over time. In contrast, neuroscientists have identified neural circuits in vertebrate animals that regulate sodium appetite within a narrow physiologic range. This study further validates our previous report that sodium intake, consistent with the neuroscience, tracks within a narrow range, consistent over time and across cultures.

Dietary supplement users vary in attitudes and sources of dietary supplement information in East and West geographic regions: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Over 50% of adults currently use dietary supplements (DS) but manufacturers do not have to prove the safety or efficacy of a DS before it is marketed. Therefore, consumers may be exposed to inaccurate DS information, may lack confidence in choosing appropriate DS and may seek advice for usage. The objective of this study was to examine trends in usage, attitudes, and sources of information regarding DS according to geographic location, demographic group, and lifestyle choices.

The use of a commercial vegetable juice as a practical means to increase vegetable intake: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Recommendations for daily dietary vegetable intake were increased in the 2005 USDA Dietary Guidelines as consumption of a diet rich in vegetables has been associated with lower risk of certain chronic health disorders including cardiovascular disease. However, vegetable consumption in the United States has declined over the past decade; consequently, the gap between dietary recommendations and vegetable intake is widening. The primary aim of this study is to determine if drinking vegetable juice is a practical way to help meet daily dietary recommendations for vegetable intake consistent with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet.

Weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome given DASH diet counseling when provided a low sodium vegetable juice: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Metabolic syndrome, a constellation of metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, is one of the fastest growing disease entities in the world. Weight loss is thought to be a key to improving all aspects of metabolic syndrome. Research studies have suggested benefits from diets rich in vegetables and fruits in helping individuals reach and achieve healthy weights.

Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on measures of airway resistance and subjective assessment of asthma control and quality of life in men and women with mild to moderate asthma: a randomized placebo controlled trial.

Background: Epidemiological data shows low dietary magnesium(Mg) may be related to incidence and progression of asthma.

Objective: To determine if long term(6.5 month) treatment with oral Mg would improve asthma control and increase serum measures of Mg status in men and women with mild-to-moderate asthma.

Multiple measures of magnesium status are comparable in mild asthma and control subjects.

Magnesium (Mg) may be a significant factor in asthma management. There is debate about how to best assess Mg status. We evaluated multiple indices of Mg status and lung function in 52 people with mild to moderate asthma and 47 controls.

Future and implications of reimbursement for obesity treatment.

Obesity has been defined as a distinct disease by the World Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Dietetic Association. In the United States, a major reimbursement challenge is to promote acceptance of obesity as a chronic disease and acceptance of its treatment by health management organizations, private insurers, and the government. The United States health care system is focused on treating individual obesity-related diseases, but does not treat obesity as the underlying cause.

Obesity: food intake.

This article discusses some of the changes in our food environment that have encouraged overeating and some research that underlies successful weight loss and maintenance of weight loss. The discussion of these topics will help in the guidance of patients to develop personalized eating plans and reduce energy intake, in part by recognizing the contributions of fat, concentrated carbohydrates, and large portion sizes.